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Microsoft Visual FoxPro 9.0

[This topic is pre-release documentation and is subject to change in future releases. Blank topics are included as placeholders.]

Welcome to Microsoft Visual FoxPro. Visual FoxPro is the object-oriented relational database management system that makes it possible for you to create database solutions for the desktop to the Web. Visual FoxPro provides powerful data handling capabilities, rapid application development tools for maximum productivity, and the flexibility needed to build all types of database solutions.



In the Visual FoxPro Documentation


What's New in Visual FoxPro

Describes the new features and enhancements included in this version of Visual FoxPro.


Getting Started with Visual FoxPro

Provides information about where to find the Readme file, installing and upgrading from previous versions, configuring Visual FoxPro, and customizing the development environment.


Using Visual FoxPro

Provides an overview of Visual FoxPro features, describes concepts and productivity tools for developing, programming, and managing high-performance database applications and components.


Samples and Walkthroughs

Contains Visual FoxPro code samples and step-by-step walkthroughs that you can use for experimenting with and learning Visual FoxPro features.


Reference

Includes Visual FoxPro general, programming language, user interface, and error message reference topics.


Product Support

Provides information about Microsoft product support services for Visual FoxPro.



Additional Information


Microsoft Visual FoxPro Web Site

Provides a link to the Microsoft Visual FoxPro Web site for additional information and resources for Visual FoxPro.


Microsoft Visual FoxPro Community

Provides a link to Microsoft Visual FoxPro Online Community Web site for third-party community resources and newsgroups.


Microsoft Visual FoxPro Training and Resources

Provides a link to the Visual FoxPro training Web site to find information about training, books, and events for Visual FoxPro.


Accessibility for People with Disabilities

Provides information about features that make Visual FoxPro more accessible for people with disabilities.



Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. For technical support and product issues, see the "Microsoft Visual FoxPro Technical Support" topic. Send feedback on this topic to Microsoft.

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What's New in Visual FoxPro

This release of Visual FoxPro contains many new features and enhancements. The following sections describe these new features and enhancements.



In This Section


Interactive Development Environment (IDE) Enhancements

Describes additions and improvements made to the Visual FoxPro IDE.


Language Enhancements

Describes additions and improvements to the Visual FoxPro programming language.


Data Features Enhancements

Describes additions and improvements to Visual FoxPro data features.


Miscellaneous Enhancements

Describes other improvements made in this version of Visual FoxPro.


Help Enhancements

Describes new topics, significantly revised topics, and other improvements made to the Visual FoxPro Help.


Changes in Functionality for the Current Release

Describes changes in the behavior of existing language and functionality.


Visual FoxPro New Reserved Words

Lists new reserved words added to Visual FoxPro.


How to: Submit Feedback about Help to Microsoft

Describes how you can send feedback about the Visual FoxPro Help documentation to Microsoft.



Related Sections


Getting Started with Visual FoxPro

Provides information about where to find the ReadMe file and how to install and upgrade from previous versions, configure Visual FoxPro, and customize the development environment.


Using Visual FoxPro

Provides an overview of Visual FoxPro features, describes concepts and productivity tools for developing, programming, and managing high-performance database applications and components, and provides walkthroughs that help get you started. With the robust tools and data-centric object-oriented language that Visual FoxPro offers, you can build modern, scalable, multi-tier applications that integrate client/server computing and the Internet.


Samples and Walkthroughs

Contains Visual FoxPro code samples and step-by-step walkthroughs that you can use for experimenting with and learning Visual FoxPro features.


Reference (Visual FoxPro)

Describes Visual FoxPro general, programming language, user interface, and error message reference topics.


Product Support (Visual FoxPro)

Provides information about Microsoft product support services for Visual FoxPro.

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Interactive Development Environment (IDE) Enhancements


To provide a more integrated development environment for your projects and applications, Visual FoxPro contains the following improved functionality for the IDE:

Additional Project Manager Shortcut Menu Commands

Modifying a Class Library from the Project Manager

Properties Window Enhancements

Setting Default Values for New Properties

Generating Message Logs During Project Build and Compile

Enhancements to Visual FoxPro Designers and Editors



Additional Project Manager Shortcut Menu Commands

When docked, the Project Manager window contains the following additional shortcut menu commands that are available on the Project menu:

Close:
Closes the Project Manager.

Add Project to Source Control:
Creates a new source control project based on the current project. Available only when a source code control provider is installed and specified on the Projects tab in the Options dialog box.

Errors:
Displays the error (.err) file after running a build.

Refresh:
Refreshes the contents of the Project Manager.

Clean Up Project:
Removes deleted records from the data files in the Project Manager.



Modifying a Class Library from the Project Manager

When you select a class library (.vcx) file in the Project Manager, you can now open and browse class libraries by clicking the Modify button. The class library opens in the Class Browser. For more information, see How to: Open Class Libraries.



Properties Window Enhancements

The Zoom dialog box and Expression Builder dialog box include support for entering values greater than 255 characters and extended characters, such as CHR(13) (carriage return) and CHR(10) (linefeed), for properties in visual class library (.vcx) and form (.scx) files. The Properties window includes a Zoom (Z) button that appears next to the property settings box for appropriate properties.

Caution:

Property values that exceed 255 characters or include extended characters contain padding with CHR(1) characters. However, classes in visual class library (.vcx) files that contain properties with such values cannot be used in versions prior to Visual FoxPro 9.0. If you attempt to modify these classes in a prior version, an error occurs. You can still use other classes in the same visual class library (.vcx) files with previous versions of Visual FoxPro as long as they do not contain property values exceeding 255 characters or include extended characters.


This feature is particularly useful for setting the CursorAdapter CursorSchema property to any schema expression when schemas might exceed 255 characters.

For more information, see Zoom property Dialog Box, Expression Builder Dialog Box, CursorSchema Property, and Properties Window (Visual FoxPro).



Setting Default Values for New Properties

When adding a new property to a class, you can specify an initial value other than the default in the New Property dialog box. Subclasses inherit these default values unless you reset the default values to the parent class. In previous versions, you had to set the default value for the new property by selecting the property in the Properties window and setting the default value.

For more information, see How to: Add Properties to Classes.



Generating Message Logs During Project Build and Compile

When you build a project, application, or dynamic-link library, Visual FoxPro automatically generates an error (.err) file that includes any error messages, if they exist, when the build process completes. When you select the Display Errors check box in the Build Options dialog box, Visual FoxPro displays the .err file when the build completes. Selecting the Recompile All Files check box includes compile errors in the .err file. Build status messages usually appear in the status bar. However, in previous versions, if the build process is interrupted, Visual FoxPro did not write the .err file to disk.

In the current release, Visual FoxPro writes build status and error messages to the .err file as they occur during the build process. If the build process is interrupted, you can open the .err file opens to review the errors.

Note:

If no errors occur during the build, the .err file is deleted.


If the Debug Output window is open, build status and error messages appear in the window. You can save messages from the Debug Output window to a file.

For more information, see How to: View and Save Build Messages.



Enhancements to Visual FoxPro Designers and Editors

Visual FoxPro contains improvements to its designer and editing tools. For more details, see Enhancements to Visual FoxPro Designers and Enhancements to Visual FoxPro Editors.



See Also

What's New in Visual FoxPro

Language Enhancements

Data Features Enhancements

Miscellaneous Enhancements

Help Enhancements

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Enhancements to Visual FoxPro Designers


Visual FoxPro contains numerous improvements made to its designer tools. The following designers include improvements for this release:

Report and Label Designers

Query and View Designers

Data Environment Designers

Enhancements to Title Bar Descriptions in Dialog Boxes

Class Designer Tab Order Selection

Keyboard Shortcuts for Adjusting Object Spacing in Designers



Report and Label Designers

You can now use the new Report Builder available in the Report Designer and Label Designer to perform new and existing reporting tasks, configure settings, and set properties for reporting features such as report layout, report bands, data groups, report controls, and report variables. For example, you can now perform the following tasks:

Prevent users from modifying reports, report controls, and report bands when editing the report in protected mode.

Display captions instead of expressions for Field controls at design time.

Display user-defined ToolTips for report controls.

Set the language script for reports.

Save the report data environment as a class.


By default, the Report Builder activates when you interact with the Report and Label designers. However, you can use the new _REPORTBUILDER system variable to specify ReportBuilder.app. The Report Builder consolidates, replaces, and adds to the functionality found in previous Report Designer user interface elements, which remain in the product and are available by setting _REPORTBUILDER. Visual FoxPro also includes enhancements to the Report Designer toolbar and Report menu. For more information, see Working with Reports and _REPORTBUILDER System Variable.

You can also extend reporting functionality and output in Visual FoxPro by writing custom report builders and running reports with report objects. For interim information regarding reporting extensibility and enhancements to report run-time functionality, see the Release Notes included with this release.



Query and View Designers

You can now edit and load SQL SELECT statements that have spaces in the table name without generating an error in the Query and View designers. For example, editing the following statement in the View and Query designers previously generated an error:

SELECT * from dbo."Order Details"



Data Environment Designer

Visual FoxPro now displays the full path to the database (DBC) in the status bar when a database is selected in the Add Table or View dialog box.



Enhancements to Title Bar Descriptions in Dialog Boxes
The following dialog boxes have enhanced title bars that include the name of the class being modified:

Edit Property/Method Dialog Box

New Property Dialog Box

New Method Dialog Box

Class Info Dialog Box



Class Designer Tab Order Selection

You can specify how the tab order is set on a form, either interactively or by list, from the Edit menu by selecting the Tab Order submenu.



Keyboard Shortcuts for Adjusting Object Spacing in Designers

The following keyboard shortcut commands work in the Class, Form and Report designers to adjust spacing between selected items.

ALT+ARROW KEY
Adjust the spacing between the selected objects by one pixel in the direction of the arrow key.

ALT+SHIFT+ARROW KEY
Adjust the spacing between the selected objects by one grid scale in the direction of the arrow key.



See Also

What's New in Visual FoxPro

Language Enhancements

Data Features Enhancements

Miscellaneous Enhancements

Help Enhancements

Changes in Functionality for the Current Release

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Visual FoxPro ¤ä´©±_ª¬¤Æªº WITH ... ENDWITH ©M FOR EACH ... ENDFOR ©R¥Oªº IntelliSense¡C¤U¦C¬O¤@­Ó¦bºÙ¬° Program.prg µ{¦¡ÀÉ (.prg) ¤¤©Ò©w¸q¤@­ÓÃþ§O¤¤¤§±_ª¬¤Æªº WITH ... ENDWITH ©R¥O½d¨Ò¡C

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ADD OBJECT t1 AS mytext
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DEFINE CLASS mytext as textbox
MyVar2 = 123
ENDDEFINE

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Enhancements to Visual FoxPro Editors


Visual FoxPro contains improvements made to its editor tools:

Compiling Code in the Background

Printing Selected Text in Editor Windows

IntelliSense in Memo Field Editor Window

IntelliSense Support in WITH ... ENDWITH and FOR ... EACH Commands



Compiling Code in the Background

Visual FoxPro performs background compilation when syntax coloring is turned on in the Command window and Visual FoxPro editors for program (.prg) files, methods, stored procedures, and memos. The Expression box in the Expression Builder dialog box also includes support for background compilation and syntax coloring when turned on.

When the single and current line of code that you are typing contains invalid syntax, Visual FoxPro displays the line of code with the formatting style selected in the Editor tab of the Options dialog box.

Note:
Syntax coloring must be turned on for background compilation to function. Background compilation does not detect invalid syntax in multiple lines of code, including those containing continuation characters.


For more information, see How to: Display and Print Source Code in Color.



Printing Selected Text in Editor Windows

You can print selected text from Visual FoxPro editor windows. When you have text selected in the editor window, the Selection option in the Print dialog box is available and selected.

Note:
If a partial line is selected, the entire line is printed.


For more information, see Print Dialog Box (Visual FoxPro).



IntelliSense in Memo Field Editor Window

Visual FoxPro includes IntelliSense support in Memo field editor windows when syntax coloring is turned on.



IntelliSense Support in WITH ... ENDWITH and FOR EACH ... ENDFOR Commands

Visual FoxPro now supports IntelliSense within the WITH ... ENDWITH Command and FOR EACH ¡K ENDFOR Command.

WITH ObjectName [AS Type [OF ClassLibrary]]
Commands
ENDWITH
FOR EACH ObjectName [AS Type [OF ClassLibrary]] IN GroupCommands
[EXIT]
[LOOP]
ENDFOR


The Type parameter can be any valid type, including data types, class types, or ProgID. If the class name cannot be found, Visual FoxPro disregards Type and does not display IntelliSense for it.

Note:
The type reference does not affect the functionality of the application at run time. The type reference is only used for IntelliSense.


The ObjectName expression can refer to a memory variable or an array.

The ClassLibrary parameter must be in a path list that is visible to Visual FoxPro. You must specify a valid class library; references to existing objects are not valid. If Visual FoxPro cannot find the specified class library, IntelliSense does not display.

Types expressed as ProgIDs and class libraries do not require quotation marks ("") to enclose them unless their names contain spaces.

When a user types the AS keyword, IntelliSense displays a list of types registered in the FoxCode.dbf table with Type "T". If you have specified a valid type, typing a period within a WITH ... ENDWITH or a FOR EACH ... ENDFOR command displays IntelliSense for that object reference.

Visual FoxPro supports IntelliSense for nested WITH ... ENDWITH and FOR EACH ... ENDFOR commands. The following is an example of nested WITH ... ENDWITH commands in a class defined in a program (.prg) file named Program.prg.

DEFINE CLASS f1 AS form
MyVar1 = 123
ADD OBJECT t1 AS mytext
PROCEDURE Init
WITH THIS AS f1 OF program1.prg
WITH .t1 AS mytext OF program1.prg
ENDWITH
ENDWITH
ENDPROC
ENDDEFINE

DEFINE CLASS mytext as textbox
MyVar2 = 123
ENDDEFINE

IntelliSense does not provide List Values functionality for selected properties that begin with a "T" or "F" within a WITH ... ENDWITH or FOR EACH ... ENDFOR command to avoid possible conflicts with the common property values True (.T.) and False (.F.).



See Also

What's New in Visual FoxPro

Language Enhancements

Data Features Enhancements

Miscellaneous Enhancements

Help Enhancements

Changes in Functionality for the Current Release

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CREATE TABLE/CURSOR ... CODEPAGE=<nCodePage> [(<fields and constraints definition>) | FROM ARRAY ...]


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CLOSE DATABASES ALL
SET EXCLUSIVE OFF
OPEN DATABASE HOME(2)+"\northwind\northwind"
SET MULTILOCKS ON
USE customers IN 0
* ¶}±Ò customers ªº¶}©ñ¼Ò¦¡ªº¸ê®Æªí®æ½w½Ä³B²z
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SET SQLBUFFERING ON
SELECT DISTINCT c.city, o.shipcity ;
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SELECT DISTINCT c.city, o.shipcity ;
¡@FROM customers C WITH (BUFFERING=.F.) ;
¡@JOIN orders O WITH (BUFFERING=.T.) ;
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SET SQLBUFFERING OFF
=TABLEREVERT(.t.,'customers')
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Language Enhancements

In the current release of Visual FoxPro, you'll find more functionality via new and enhanced classes, commands, and functions.

Contents
See the following for information about language additions and improvements:

Anchoring Visual Controls
Docking Forms
CheckBox and OptionButton Controls Support Wordwrapping
CommandButton Controls Can Align Text with Pictures
CommandButton, OptionButton, and CheckBox Controls Can Hide Captions
PictureMargin and PictureSpacing Properties Control Spacing and Margins on CommandButton, OptionButton, and CheckBox Controls
Collection Objects Support in ComboBox and ListBox Controls
Setting Ascending or Descending Indexes on Cursors in the DataEnvironment
Mouse Pointer Control for Grid Columns and Column Headers
Rotating Label, Line, and Shape Controls
Label Controls Can Display Themed Background
ListBox Controls Can Hide Scroll Bars
Toolbar Controls Can Display Horizontal Separator Objects
Toolbar Controls Can Hide Separator Objects
Creating More Complex Shapes
Specifying Arrays with More Than 65K Elements
SET TABLEVALIDATE Default Has Changed
BLANK Command Can Initialize Records to Default Value
SET REFRESH Can Specify Faster Refresh Rates
FLUSH Command Writes Data Explicitly to Disk
STACKSIZE Setting Increases Nesting Levels to 64k
Program and Procedure File Size Is Unrestricted
ICASE( ) Function
TTOC( ) Converts DateTime Expressions to XML DateTime Format
SET COVERAGE Command Available at Run Time
ComboBox Controls Can Hide Drop-Down Lists
Display Memo Tips in Browse Window
CLEAR ERROR Command
Populate an Array with Aliases Used by a Specified Table
Write Options Dialog Settings to Registry Using SYS(3056)
Obtain the ADO Bookmark for the Current Record in an ADO-Based Cursor
SET REFRESH Can Differentiate Values for Each Cursor
FOR EACH ... ENDFOR Command Preserves Object Types
NEWOBJECT( ) Creates Objects without Raising Initialization Code
SET PATH Command Enhancements
Roll-Back Functionality Supported when a SQL Pass-Through Connection Disconnects
SQLIDLEDISCONNECT( ) Temporarily Disconnects SQL Pass-Through Connections
Log Output from SYS(3054) Using SYS(3092)
Trim Functions Control Which Characters Are Trimmed
AppState Property Detects When an Application Loses or Receives Focus
TYPE( ) Determines if an Expression is an Array
Long Type Name Support
SET( ) Determines SET REPROCESS Command Settings
Specify Where Focus is Assigned in the Valid Event
TextBox Controls Have Auto-Completion Functionality
BINTOC( ) and CTOBIN( ) Have Additional Conversion Capabilities
MROW( ) and MCOL( ) Can Detect the Position of the Mouse Pointer
Get Cursor and Count Records Affected by SQL Pass-Thru Execution
Read and Write Nested XML Documents
Specify Code Pages
MapVarChar Property Maps to VarChar, VarBinary, and Blob Data Types
LoadXML Method Can Accept Any XML Document
XPath Expressions Can Access Complex XML Documents
Select Records Out of a Buffered Cursor
_MENUDESIGNER Integrates Your Own Menu Designer
View Classes Inside a Program File (.prg) with Class Browser
ISMEMOFETCHED( ) Determines Whether a Memo is Fetched
RecordsFetched and FetchIsComplete Properties Determine the Number of Records Fetched



Anchoring Visual Controls
You can anchor a visual control to one or more edges of its parent container using the control's Anchor property. When you anchor a visual control to the parent container, the edges of the control remain in the same position relative to the edges of the container when you resize the container. For more information, see Anchor Property.



Docking Forms
Visual FoxPro extends docking support to user-defined forms. Docking forms works similarly to docking toolbars except that you can dock forms to Visual FoxPro IDE windows and other forms, and controls on the form can still obtain focus when the form is docked.

Visual FoxPro includes the following new and updated properties, methods, and events to support docking forms.

Dockable Property
GetDockState Method
ADOCKSTATE( ) Function
AfterDock Event
BeforeDock Event
Dock Method
Docked Property
DockPosition Property
UnDock Event
DOCK WINDOW Command

For more information, see How to: Dock Forms.



CheckBox and OptionButton Controls Support Wordwrapping
The WordWrap property is now supported for CheckBox and OptionButton controls. The text portions of these controls now use word wrapping. For more information, see WordWrap Property.



CommandButton Controls Can Align Text with Pictures
The Alignment property now applies to CommandButton controls when specifying an image for the Picture property and setting the PicturePosition property to a value other than the default. The Alignment property also contains new and revised settings for CommandButton, CheckBox, and OptionButton controls. For more information, see Alignment Property.



CommandButton, OptionButton, and CheckBox Controls Can Hide Captions
The PicturePostion property contains a new setting of 14 (No text) for CommandButton, OptionButton, and CheckBox controls. You can use this setting to hide the text portions of these controls without needing to set the Caption property to an empty string. This setting is particularly useful when you want to include a hotkey for a button with a graphic without displaying the Caption text. You must set the Style property to 1 (Graphical) for this new setting to apply.

In addition, the PicturePosition property now applies to CheckBox and OptionButton controls when Style is set to 1 (Graphical).

For more information, see PicturePosition Property.



PictureMargin and PictureSpacing Properties Control Spacing and Margins on CommandButton, OptionButton, and CheckBox Controls
You can better control positioning of images on CommandButton, OptionButton, and CheckBox controls with the new PictureMargin and PictureSpacing properties. The PictureMargin property specifies margin spacing in pixels between an image and the control's border as determined by the PicturePosition property. The PictureSpacing property specifies margin spacing in pixels between an image and text on the control.

For more information, see PictureMargin Property and PictureSpacing Property.



Collection Objects Support in ComboBox and ListBox Controls
You can now specify Collection objects as the row source and row source type for the RowSource and RowSourceType properties of ComboBox and ListBox controls. For more information, see RowSource Property and RowSourceType Property.



Setting Ascending or Descending Indexes on Cursors in the DataEnvironment
You can specify ascending or descending order for a cursor index by using the new OrderDirection property for Cursor objects.

Note:
OrderDirection is disregarded when the cursor's Order property is empty.


For more information, see OrderDirection Property.



Mouse Pointer Control for Grid Columns and Column Headers
The MousePointer and MouseIcon properties now apply to Column objects in a grid and Header objects in a column. For the MousePointer property, you can specify the new setting of 16 (Down Arrow) to reset the mouse pointer for a column header to the default down arrow.

For more information, see MousePointer Property and MouseIcon Property.



Rotating Label, Line, and Shape Controls
You can use the new Rotation property to rotate Label controls. The Rotation property applies to Line and Shape controls when used with the new PolyPoints property. For more information, see Rotation Property (Visual FoxPro), PolyPoints Property, and Creating More Complex Shapes.



Label Controls Can Display Themed Background
For Label controls, you can set the Style property to Themed Background Only to show only themed background colors when Windows themes are turned on. The label background color is the same as the parent container for the label. For more information, see Style Property.

ListBox Controls Can Hide Scroll Bars
You can use the new AutoHideScrollBar property for ListBox controls to hide scroll bars when the list contains less than the number of items that can be visible in the list box. For more information, see AutoHideScrollBar Property.



Toolbar Controls Can Display Horizontal Separator Objects
For Separator objects, set the Style property to 1 to display a horizontal line or a vertical line, depending on how the toolbar appears. If the toolbar appears horizontally, the line displays vertically. If the toolbar appears vertically, the line displays horizontally. In versions prior to this release, setting Style to 1 displayed a vertical line only.

Note:
In versions prior to this release, undocked vertical system and user-defined toolbars did not display horizontal separators. In the current release, horizontal separators now display for vertical undocked toolbars.


For more information, see Style Property.



Toolbar Controls Can Hide Separator Objects
The Visible property now applies to Separator objects so you can control whether a Separator object displays in Toolbar controls. When used in combination with the Style property, the separator's Visible property determines whether a space or line displays as the separator when its Style property is set to 0 (Normal - do not display a line) or 1 (display a horizontal or vertical line), respectively.

For more information, see Visible Property (Visual FoxPro).



Creating More Complex Shapes
You can use the new PolyPoints property for Line and Shape controls to create polygon lines and shapes. PolyPoints specifies an array of any dimension containing coordinates with the format of X1, Y1, X2, Y2, ..., organized in the order in which the polygon line or shape is drawn.

For Line controls, when you create a polygon line using the PolyPoints property, you can specify the new setting of "S" or "s" for the LineSlant property to create a Bezier curve.

For more information, see PolyPoints Property and LineSlant Property.



Specifying Arrays with More Than 65K Elements
You can now specify arrays containing more than 65,000 elements, for example, when using the DIMENSION command. Normal arrays and member arrays have a new limit of 2GB. Arrays containing member objects retain a limit of 65,000 elements.

Note:
Array sizes can also be limited by available memory, which affects performance, especially for very large arrays. Make sure your computer has enough memory to accommodate the upper limits of your arrays.


The Library Construction Kit, which contains the files Pro_Ext.h, WinAPIMS.lib, and OcxAPI.lib, still has a limit of 65,000 elements. For more information about these files, see Accessing the Visual FoxPro API, How to: Add Visual FoxPro API Calls, and How to: Build and Debug Libraries and ActiveX Controls. The SAVE TO command does not support saving arrays larger than 65,000 elements.

For more information, see Visual FoxPro System Capacities and DIMENSION Command.



SET TABLEVALIDATE Default Has Changed
When a table header is locked during validation, attempts to open the table, for example, with the USE command, generate the message "File is in use (Error 3)". If the table header cannot be locked for a table open operation, you can suppress this message by setting the third bit for the SET TABLEVALIDATE command. You must also set the first bit to validate the record count when the table opens. Therefore, you need to set the SET TABLEVALIDATE command to a value of 5.

Note:
The new default value for SET TABLEVALIDATE is now 7 for this release.


For more information, see SET TABLEVALIDATE Command.



BLANK Command Can Initialize Records to Default Value
You can initialize fields in the current record to their default values as stored in the table's database container (DBC) by using the DEFAULT [AUTOINC] option when clearing the record with the BLANK command.

For more information, see BLANK Command.



SET REFRESH Can Specify Faster Refresh Rates
You can specify fractions of a second for the nSeconds2 parameter to a minimum of 0.001 seconds. You can also specify the following values for nSeconds2:

-1 - Always read data from a disk.
0 - Always use data in memory buffer but do not refresh buffer.
The Table refresh interval check box on the Data tab of the Options dialog box now also accepts fractional values.

For more information, see SET REFRESH Command and Data Tab, Options Dialog Box.



FLUSH Command Writes Data Explicitly to Disk
Visual FoxPro now includes options and parameters for the FLUSH command so you can explicitly save all changes you make to all open tables and indexes. You can also save changes to a specific table by specifying a work area, table alias, or a path and file name. For more information, see FLUSH Command.



STACKSIZE Setting Increases Nesting Levels to 64k
For operations such as the DO command, you can change the default number of nesting levels from 128 levels to 32 and up to 64,000 levels of nesting by including the new STACKSIZE setting in a Visual FoxPro configuration file.

Note:
You can change the nesting level only during Visual FoxPro startup.


For more information, see Special Terms for Configuration Files and Visual FoxPro System Capacities.



Program and Procedure File Size Is Unrestricted
In previous versions of Visual FoxPro, the size of a procedure or program could not exceed 65K. Visual FoxPro now removes this restriction for programs and procedures. For more information, see Visual FoxPro System Capacities.



ICASE( ) Function
The new ICASE( ) function makes it possible for you to evaluate a list of conditions and return results depending on the result of evaluating those conditions. For more information, see ICASE( ) Function.



TTOC( ) Converts DateTime Expressions to XML DateTime Format
You can convert a DateTime expression into a character string in XML DateTime format by passing a new optional value of 3 to the TTOC( ) function. For more information, see TTOC( ) Function.



SET COVERAGE Command Available at Run Time
The SET COVERAGE command is now available at run time so that you can debug errors that occur at run time but not at design time. For more information, see SET COVERAGE Command.



ComboBox Controls Can Hide Drop-Down Lists
You can now use the NODEFAULT command in the DropDown event for a ComboBox control. This will prevent the drop-down list portion of a ComboBox control from appearing. For more information, see NODEFAULT Command.



Display Memo Tips in Browse Window
You can view the contents of a Memo field in a Browse Window when the mouse moves over a memo field in a record. The contents of the memo are displayed as a tool tip and show the first 4,095 characters of the memo's contents.



CLEAR ERROR Command
The new ERROR clause for the CLEAR command makes it possible to reset the error structures as if no error occurred. This affects the following functions:

The AERROR( ) function will return 0.
The ERROR( ) function will return 0.
The output from MESSAGE( ), MESSAGE(1) and SYS(2018) will return a blank string.
The CLEAR command should not be used with the ERROR clause within a TRY...CATCH...FINALLY structure. For more information, see CLEAR Commands.



Populate an Array with Aliases Used by a Specified Table
The new cTableName parameter for the AUSED( ) function makes it possible to filter the created array to contain only the aliases being used for a specified table.

AUSED(ArrayName [, nDataSessionNumber [, cTableName ]])


The cTableName parameter accepts the following formats to specify a table, from highest to lowest in priority.

DatabaseName!TableName or DatabaseName!ViewName
Path\DatabaseName!TableName or Path\DatabaseName!ViewName
DBC-defined table name or view in the current DBC in the current data session
Simple or full file name

For more information, see AUSED( ) Function.



Write Options Dialog Settings to Registry Using SYS(3056)
The SYS(3056) function can now be used to write out settings from the Options dialog to the registry.

SYS(3056 [, nValue ])


The following table lists values for nValue.

nValue Description
------ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1¡@¡@ Update only from registry settings, with the exception of SET commands and file locations.
2¡@¡@ Write out settings to the registry.


For more information, see SYS(3056) ¡V Read Registry Settings.



Obtain the ADO Bookmark for the Current Record in an ADO-Based Cursor
The ADOBookmark property is now supported by both the CURSORGETPROP( ) and CURSORSETPROP( ) functions. Use this property to obtain the ActiveX& Data Objects (ADO) bookmark for the current record in an ADO-based cursor.

For more information, see ADOBookmark Property, CURSORGETPROP( ) Function and CURSORSETPROP( ) Function.

If a table is not selected and an alias is not specified, Error 52, "No table is open in the current work area," is generated. If the cursor selected is not valid, Error 1467, "Property is invalid for local cursors," is generated.



SET REFRESH Can Differentiate Values for Each Cursor
You can use the new Refresh property with the CURSORGETPROP( ) function to differentiate the SET REFRESH values for individual cursors. The default setting is -2, which is a global value. This value is not available with the SET REFRESH command.

The Refresh property is available at the Data Session and Cursor level. The default setting for a Data Session level is -2 and the default value for a Cursor level is the current session's level setting. If the global level setting is set to 0, the Cursor level setting is ignored.

For more information, see Refresh Property and CURSORGETPROP( ) Function.

If a table is not currently selected and an alias is not specified, Error 52, "No table is open in the current work area," is generated.



FOR EACH ... ENDFOR Command Preserves Object Types
Visual FoxPro now includes the FOXOBJECT keyword for the FOR EACH ... ENDFOR command to support preservation of native Visual FoxPro object types.

FOR EACH objectVar [AS Type [OF ClassLibrary ]] IN Group FOXOBJECT
Commands
¡@ [EXIT]
¡@ [LOOP]
ENDFOR | NEXT [Var]


The FOXOBJECT keyword specifies that the objectVar parameter created will be a Visual FoxPro object. The FOXOBJECT keyword only applies to collections where the collection is based on a native Visual FoxPro Collection class. Collections that are COM-based will not support the FOXOBJECT keyword.

For more information, see FOR EACH ¡K ENDFOR Command.



NEWOBJECT( ) Creates Objects without Raising Initialization Code
To mimic the behavior of a class opened in the Class Designer or Form Designer, pass 0 to the cInApplication parameter. This feature allows you to create design-time tools that view the structure of a class.

By passing 0 to the cInApplication parameter for the NEWOBJECT( ) function, Visual FoxPro allows you to create an instance of a class without raising initialization code (such as code in the Init, Load, Activate, and BeforeOpenTables events). Furthermore, when the object is released, it does not raise its destructor code (such as code in the Destroy and Unload events). Only initialization and destructor code is suppressed; code in other events and methods is still called.

If you use the cInApplication parameter to suppress initialization and destructor code in an object, you also suppress it in the object's child objects.

This behavior is not supported for the NEWOBJECT method.

If you want to create a new object using a class definition specified in a generated application (.app) file, you can use the SET PROCEDURE command to load your user-defined class into memory.

For more information, see NEWOBJECT( ) Function.



SET PATH Command Enhancements
The SET PATH command now supports the ADDITIVE keyword. The ADDITIVE keyword appends the specified path to the end of the current SET PATH list. If the path already exists in the SET PATH list, Visual FoxPro does not add it or change the order of the list. Paths specified with the ADDITIVE keyword must be strings in quotes or valid expressions.

In addition, the length of the SET PATH list has been increased to 4095 characters.

For more information, see SET PATH Command.



Roll-Back Functionality Supported when a SQL Pass-Through Connection Disconnects
Visual FoxPro now supports the DisconnectRollback property for use with the SQLSETPROP( ), SQLGETPROP( ), DBSETPROP( ), and DBGETPROP( ) functions. DisconnectRollback is a connection-level property that causes a transaction to be either rolled back or committed when the SQLDISCONNECT( ) function is called for the last connection handle associated with the connection.

The DisconnectRollback property accepts a logical value.

False (.F.) - (Default) The transaction will be committed when the SQLDISCONNECT( ) function is called for the last statement handle associated with the connection.
True (.T.) - The transaction is rolled back when the SQLDISCONNECT( ) function is called for the last statement handle associated with the connection.
The following example shows the DisconnectRollback property set in the DBSETPROP( ) and SQLSETPROP( ) functions.

DBSETPROP("testConnection","CONNECTION","DisconnectRollback",.T.)
SQLSETPROP(con,"DisconnectRollback",.T.)


For more information, see DisconnectRollback property.



SQLIDLEDISCONNECT( ) Temporarily Disconnects SQL Pass-Through Connections
You can use the new SQLIDLEDISCONNECT( ) function to allow a SQL Pass-Through connection to be temporarily disconnected. Use the following syntax.

SQLIDLEDISCONNECT( nStatementHandle )


The nStatementHandle parameter is set to the statement handle to be disconnected or 0 if all statement handles should be disconnected.

The SQLIDLEDISCONNECT( ) function returns the value 1 if it is successful; otherwise, it returns -1.

The function fails if the specified statement handle is busy or the connection is in manual commit mode. The AERROR( ) function can be used to obtain error information.

The disconnected connection handle is automatically restored if it is needed for an operation. The original connection data source name is used.

If a statement handle is temporarily released, the OBDChstmt property returns 0; the OBDChdbc returns 0 if the connection is temporarily disconnected. A shared connection is temporarily disconnected as soon as all of its statement handles are temporarily released.

For more information, see SQLIDLEDISCONNECT( ) Function.



Log Output from SYS(3054) Using SYS(3092)
You can use the new SYS(3092) function in conjunction with SYS(3054) to record the resulting output to a file.

SYS( 3092 [, cFileName [, lAdditive ]])


The cFileName parameter specifies the file to echo the SYS(3054) output to. Sending an empty string to cFileName will deactivate output recording to the file.

The default value for lAdditive is False (.F.). This specifies that new output will overwrite the previous contents of the specified file. To append new output to the specified file, set lAdditive to True (.T.).

SYS(3092) returns the name of the current echo file if it is active; otherwise, it returns an empty string.

SYS(3054) and SYS(3092) are global settings ¡X in a multithreaded runtime they are scoped to a thread. Each function can be changed independently from each other.

These functions are not available in the Visual FoxPro OLE DB Provider.

For more information, see SYS(3054) - Rushmore Query Optimization Level and Sys(3092).



Trim Functions Control Which Characters Are Trimmed
It is now possible to specify which characters are trimmed from an expression when using the TRIM( ), LTRIM( ), RTRIM( ), and ALLTRIM( ) functions.

TRIM( cExpression[, nFlags] [, cParchChar, ,... , cParseChar])
LTRIM( cExpression[, nFlags] [, cParchChar, ,... , cParseChar])
RTRIM( cExpression[, nFlags] [, cParchChar, ,... , cParseChar])
ALLTRIM( cExpression[, nFlags] [, cParchChar, ,... , cParseChar])


You can specify that the trim is case-insensitive using the nFlag value of 0 bit and 1.

The cParseChar parameter specifies one or more character strings to be trimmed from cExpression. A maximum of 23 strings can be specified in cParseChar.

By default, if cParseChar is not specified, then leading and trailing spaces are trimmed from character strings or 0 bytes are removed for Varbinary data types.

The cParseChar parameters are applied in the order they are entered. When a match is found, cExpression is truncated and the process repeats from the first cParseChar parameter.

For more information, see the TRIM( ) Function, LTRIM( ) Function, RTRIM( ) Function, and ALLTRIM( ) Function topics.



AppState Property Detects When an Application Loses or Receives Focus
You can detect when a Visual FoxPro application loses or receives focus by using the new _SCREENAppState property. The AppStateproperty is read-only at run time. For more information, see AppState Property.



TYPE( ) Determines if an Expression is an Array
The TYPE( ) function accepts the parameter, 1, to evaluate an expression to determine if it is an array.

Type(cExpression, 1)


The following character values are returned if the 1 parameter is specified.

Return Value Description
------------ ----------------------------
A¡@¡@¡@¡@¡@ cExpression is an array.
U¡@¡@¡@¡@¡@ cExpression is not an array.
C¡@¡@¡@¡@¡@ cExpression is a collection.

cExpression must be passed as a character string.

For more information, see TYPE( ) Function.



Long Type Name Support
Visual FoxPro supports using long type names with the following functions, commands, and properties.

CAST( ) Function
ALTER TABLE - SQL Command
CREATE CURSOR - SQL Command
CREATE TABLE - SQL Command
CREATE FROM Command
CursorSchema Property
DataType Property

The following table lists the data types along with their long type names and short type names.

Data Type Long Type Name¡@Short Type Name
--------- --------------- ---------------
Character Char, Character¡@¡@ C
Date¡@¡@¡@Date¡@¡@¡@¡@¡@¡@¡@¡@D
DateTime¡@Datetime¡@¡@¡@¡@¡@¡@T
Numeric¡@ Num, Numeric¡@¡@¡@¡@N
Floating¡@Float¡@¡@¡@¡@¡@¡@¡@ F
Integer¡@ Int, Integer¡@¡@¡@¡@I
Double¡@¡@Double¡@¡@¡@¡@¡@¡@¡@B
Currency¡@Currency¡@¡@¡@¡@¡@¡@Y
Logical¡@ Logical¡@¡@¡@¡@¡@¡@ L
Memo¡@¡@¡@Memo¡@¡@¡@¡@¡@¡@¡@¡@M
General¡@ General¡@¡@¡@¡@¡@¡@ G
Picture¡@ Picture¡@¡@¡@¡@¡@¡@ P
Varchar¡@ Varchar¡@¡@¡@¡@¡@¡@ V
Varbinary Varbinary¡@¡@¡@¡@¡@ Q
Blob¡@¡@¡@Blob¡@¡@¡@¡@¡@¡@¡@¡@W


Visual FoxPro allows ambiguous long type names to be used with the ALTER TABLE, CREATE CURSOR, CREATE TABLE, and CREATE FROM commands. If the specified long type name is not a recognized long type name, Visual FoxPro will truncate the specified name to the first character.



SET( ) Determines SET REPROCESS Command Settings
You can now use the following syntax with the SET( ) function to determine how the SET REPROCESS command was declared.

SET Command
Value Returned

REPROCESS, 2
Current session setting type (0 - attempts, 1 - seconds)

REPROCESS, 3
System session setting type (0 - attempts, 1 - seconds)


For more information, see SET( ) Function and SET REPROCESS Command.



Specify Where Focus is Assigned in the Valid Event
To direct where focus is assigned, you can use the optional ObjectName parameter in the RETURN command of the Valid event. The object specified must be a valid Visual FoxPro object. If the specified object is disabled or cannot receive focus, then focus is assigned to the next object in the tab order. If an invalid object is specified, Visual FoxPro keeps the focus at the current object.

You can now set focus to objects in the following scenarios:

Set focus to an object on another visible form.
Set focus to an object on a non-visible Page or Pageframe control.

For more information, see RETURN Command.



TextBox Controls Have Auto-Completion Functionality
You can add auto-completion functionality to your text box controls to make data entry more efficient. Auto-completion is the automatic display of a dropdown list of entries that match the string as it is typed into the text box. The entries come from a special table that tracks unique values entered into the text box, the control name that is the source of the value, and usage information.

The following properties support auto-completion:

AutoComplete Property
AutoCompSource Property
AutoCompTable Property

By the setting the AutoComplete property, you determine the sort order for the entries. If you want more control over the list and where it is stored, you can use the AutoCompSource property to specify the table used to populate the automatic list. By default, the table is AUTOCOMP.DBF. You can use one table for each text box control or a single table can populate automatic lists for several text boxes.

If you use a single table, which is the default, the table uses values in the Source field for each entry to identify the text box control associated with the entry. By default, the Source field value is the name of the text box control. You can specify the Source field value using the AutoCompSource property of the text box. For example, you might want to make the same set of entries available to multiple Text box controls within the application such as address information. You can explicitly set the AutoCompTable and AutoCompSource properties for each of the controls to the same table and source field value. The same automatic list appears for each of them.

The text box control handles updating the auto-completion table for you based on the values actually entered in the text box. If you want to remove a value from the list, enter a string in a text box that matches the string you want to delete to filter the list for it. Select the entry in the list and press the DELETE key. The string remains in the table but no longer appears in the automatic list.



BINTOC( ) and CTOBIN( ) Have Additional Conversion Capabilities
The BINTOC( ) function has an nSize parameter and CTOBIN( ) function has an cDataType parameter that provide you with more control over the output of these functions. For more information, see BINTOC( ) Function and CTOBIN( ) Function.



MROW( ) and MCOL( ) Can Detect the Position of the Mouse Pointer
The MROW( ) and MCOL( ) functions now have a zero (0) parameter for detecting the position of the mouse pointer based on the currently active form instead of the form returned by the WOUTPUT( ) function. Although they are typically reference the same form, if the AllowOutput property of the form is set to False (.F.), WOUTPUT( ) does not return the current active form. The mismatch of references and can lead to unexpected results. By using the zero (0) parameter, you can avoid misplacing items, such as Shortcut menus, as the currently active form is always used.

For more information, see MROW( ) Function and MCOL( ) Function.



Get Cursor and Count Records Affected by SQL Pass-Thru Execution
By using the aCountInfo parameter of the SQLEXEC( ) and SQLMORERESULTS( ) functions, you can get a cursor and a count of the records affected by the execution of a SQL pass-through statement. You might want to use the cursor in resolving update conflicts.

For more information, see SQLEXEC( ) Function) and SQLMORERESULTS( ) Function.



Read and Write Nested XML Documents
You can read to and write from your relational database into XML documents using nesting to handle the relationships between tables. You accomplish this using the RespectNesting property of the XMLAdapter class. The XMLTable class has the Nest Method, Unnest Method and the following properties to handle nesting.

FirstNestedTable Property
NestedInto Property
NextSiblingTable Property

For more information, see the XMLAdapter Class and the XMLTable Class.



Specify Code Pages
You can specify the code page used to decode data when XML is being parsed and to encode data when UTF-8 encoded XML is generated. The following language changes are available:

nCodePage Parameter To specify code pages, you can use the nCodePage parameter for the following methods:
ToCursor Method
ChangesToCursor Method
ApplyDiffgram Method

XMLTable.ToCursor ( [ lAppend [, cAlias [, nCodePage ]]] )
XMLTable.ChangesToCursor( [ cAlias [, lIncludeUnchangedData [, nCodePage ]]] )
XMLTable.ApplyDiffgram( [ cAlias [, oCursorAdapter [, lPreserveChanges [, nCodePage ]]]] )


CodePage and UseCodePage Properties Use the CodePage Property and UseCodePage Property to specify code pages when you use the following classes:
XMLAdapter Class
XMLTable Class
XMLField Class

XMLAdapter.CodePage = nValue
XMLTable.CodePage = nValue
XMLField.CodePage = nValue


Flag 32768 The flag 32768 is available for the following functions and class:
CursorAdapter Class
XMLTOCURSOR( ) Function
CURSORTOXML( ) Function
XMLUPDATEGRAM( ) Function

CursorAdaptor.Flags = nCodePage
XMLTOCURSOR( eExpression | cXMLFile [, cCursorName [, nFlags ]])
CURSORTOXML(nWorkArea | cTableAlias, cOutput [, nOutputFormat [, nFlags [, nRecords [, cSchemaName [, cSchemaLocation [, cNameSpace ]]]]]])
XMLUPDATEGRAM( [ cAliasList [, nFlags [, cSchemaLocation]]])


CREATE TABLE and CREATE CURSOR

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Data Features Enhancements

Visual FoxPro contains the following additions and improvements to its data features:

Extended SQL Capabilities

New Data Types

Converting Data Types with the CAST( ) Function

Handling Conflict Checks with Properties for CursorAdapter Class

Returning a Rowset from a Cursor in the Visual FoxPro OLE DB Provider

Binary Indexes Based on Logical Expressions

Retrieving Active SQL Connection Statement Handles

Convert Character and Memo Data Types Using the ALTER TABLE Command

Specify a Code Page When Using the CREATE TABLE or CREATE CURSOR Commands

Obtain the Number of Fetched Records

Determine if a Fetch is Complete

Determine if a Memo Field is Fetched



Extended SQL Capabilities

Visual FoxPro contains many enhancements for SQL capabilities.


SELECT - SQL Command

The following list describes new enhancements for the SQL SELECT command:

Remove limit on the total number of join clauses and subqueries in a SQL SELECT statement. The previous limit was nine.

Removes limit on number of UNION clauses in a SQL SELECT statement. The previous limit was nine.

Removes limit on the number of tables and aliases referenced in a SQL SELECT statement. The previous limit was 30.

Removes limit of 24 values in the IN (Value_Set) clause for the WHERE clause. However, the number of values remains subject to the setting of SYS(3055) ¡V FOR and WHERE Clause Complexity. For functionality changes concerning the IN clause, see Changes in Functionality for the Current Release.

Removes limit on the level of nesting for subqueries in a SQL SELECT statement. The previous limit was one level. You can also use correlated subqueries. A correlated subquery uses fields in the parent query, and the subquery is executed for each candidate row in the parent query.

Enables subqueries in the selected item list and in the FROM clause. When including a subquery in the FROM clause, you must specify an alias for the subquery.

Enables subqueries and nested subqueries in the ON clause.

Enables use of the GROUP BY clause for correlated subqueries in a SQL SELECT statement. In previous versions, you could not use a GROUP BY clause in subquery for a SQL SELECT statement.

Enables use of the TOPnExpr clause for noncorrelated subqueries in a SQL SELECT statement. If you include the TOPnExpr clause in a subquery, you must include an ORDER BY clause for that subquery.

Optimizes the LIKE "sometext%" clause in the WHERE clause. In previous versions of Visual FoxPro, SQL SELECT statements containing LIKE "sometext%" could not be fully optimized.

Improves performance for the TOPnExpr [PERCENT] clause by returning no more than nExpr records when SET ENGINEBEHAVIOR is set to 90. For more information, see SELECT - SQL Command, SET ENGINEBEHAVIOR Command, and SYS(3099) - SQL Data Engine Compatibility Mode.

Enables use of a field name when using the ORDER BY clause in a UNION clause. In previous versions of Visual FoxPro, you needed to use numeric references in the ORDER BY clause when performing UNION operations.


INSERT - SQL Command

Enables use of the UNION clause when using SQL SELECT statements in SQL INSERT statements.


UPDATE - SQL Command

The following list describes new enhancements for the SQL UPDATE command:

Enables use of a subquery in the SET clause for SQL UPDATE statements.

Enables correlated UPDATE statements by providing the FROM clause to specify one or more tables for the update operation.


DELETE - SQL Command

Provides the capability to specify a file, alias, table or cursor name after the DELETE keyword and enables correlated DELETE statements by expanding the FROM clause to include one or more table for the delete operation.


CURSORTOXML( ) Function, XMLTOCURSOR( ) Function, and XMLUPDATEGRAM( ) Function

Enables support for CURSORTOXML( ) and XMLTOCURSOR( ) functions in the OLE DB Provider for Visual FoxPro. However, the _VFPVFPXMLProg property is not supported for the CURSORTOXML( ), XMLTOCURSOR( ) and XMLUPDATEGRAM( ) functions when using them with the Provider because the _VFP system variable is not supported in the OLE DB Provider.

Note:
To use the Visual FoxPro OLE DB Provider with XMLTOCURSOR( ), you must install MSXML 3.0 on the computer with the OLE DB Provider.



New Data Types

Visual FoxPro includes the following new field and data types:

Varchar To store alphanumeric text without including padding by additional spaces at the end of the field or truncating trailing spaces, use the new Varchar field type. If you do not want Varchar fields translated across code pages, use the Varchar (Binary) field type. For more information, see Varchar Field Type. You can also specify Varchar type mapping between ODBC, ADO, and XML data source types and CursorAdapter and XMLAdapter objects using the MapVarchar Property. You can also specify Varchar mapping for SQL pass-through technology and remote views using the MapVarchar setting in the CURSORSETPROP( ) function. For more information, see CURSORSETPROP( ) Function and CURSORGETPROP( ) Function.

Varbinary To store binary values and literals of fixed length in fields and variables without padding the field with additional zero (0) bytes or truncating any trailing zero bytes that are entered by the user, use the Varbinary data type. Internally, Visual FoxPro binary literals contain a prefix, 0h, followed by a string of hexadecimal numbers and are not enclosed with quotation marks (""), unlike character strings. For more information, see Varbinary Data Type. You can also specify binary type mapping between ODBC, ADO, and XML data source types and CursorAdapter and XMLAdapter objects using the MapBinary Property. You can also specify binary mapping for SQL pass-through technology and remote views using the MapBinary setting in the CURSORSETPROP( ) function. For more information, see CURSORSETPROP( ) Function and CURSORGETPROP( ) Function.

Blob To store binary data with indeterminate length, use the Blob data type. For more information, see Blob Data Type.


Many of the Visual FoxPro language elements affected by these new data types are listed in the topics for the new data types.



Converting Data Types with the CAST( ) Function

You can convert expressions from one data type to another by using the new CAST( ) function. Using CAST( ) makes it possible for you to create SQL statements more compatible with SQL Server.


For more information, see CAST( ) Function.



Handling Conflict Checks with Properties for CursorAdapter Class

You can better handle conflicts when performing update and delete operations using the commands specified by the UpdateCmd and DeleteCmd properties for CursorAdapter objects by using the new ConflictCheckType and ConflictCheckCmd properties for CursorAdapter objects.

You can use ConflictCheckType to specify how to handle a conflict check during an update or delete operation. When ConflictCheckType is set to 4, you can use ConflictCheckCmd to specify a custom command to append to the end of the commands in the UpdateCmd and DeleteCmd properties.

Note:
Visual FoxPro 8.0 Service Pack 1 includes the ConflictCheckType and ConflictCheckCmd properties.


For more information, see ConflictCheckType Property and ConflictCheckCmd Property.



Returning a Rowset from a Cursor in the Visual FoxPro OLE DB Provider

You can use the new SETRESULTSET( ), GETRESULTSET( ), and CLEARRESULTSET( ) functions to mark a cursor or table that has been opened by the Visual FoxPro OLE DB Provider, retrieve the work area of the marked cursor, and clear the marker flag from a marked cursor. By marking a cursor or table, you can retrieve a rowset that is created from the marked cursor or table from a database container (DBC) stored procedure when the OLE DB Provider completes command execution.


For more information, see SETRESULTSET( ) Function, GETRESULTSET( ) Function, and CLEARRESULTSET( ) Function.



Binary Index Tag Based on Logical Expressions

Visual FoxPro includes a new binary, or bitmap, index for creating indexes based on logical expressions, for example, indexes based on deleted records. A binary index can be significantly smaller than a non-binary index and can improve the speed of maintaining indexes. You can create binary indexes using the Table Designer or INDEX command. Visual FoxPro also includes Rushmore optimization enhancements in the SQL engine for deleted records.


For more information, see Visual FoxPro Index Types, INDEX Command, ALTER TABLE - SQL Command, and Indexes Based on Deleted Records.



Retrieving Active SQL Connection Statement Handles

You can retrieve information for all active SQL connection statement handles using the new ASQLHANDLES( ) function. ASQLHANDLES( ) creates and uses the specified array to store numeric statement handle references that you can use in other Visual FoxPro SQL functions, such as SQLEXEC( ) and SQLDISCONNECT( ). ASQLHANDLES( ) returns the number of active statement handles in use or zero (0) if none are available. For more information, see ASQLHANDLES( ) Function.



Convert Character and Memo Data Types Using the ALTER TABLE Command

Visual FoxPro now supports conversion from character data type to memo data type when using the ALTER TABLE command along with the ALTER COLUMN clause. This conversion is also supported when making structural changes using the Table Designer. For more information, see ALTER TABLE - SQL Command.



Specify a Code Page When Using the CREATE TABLE or CREATE CURSOR Commands

You can specify a code page by including the CODEPAGE clause with the CREATE CURSOR or CREATE TABLE commands.

When the CODEPAGE clause is specified, the new table or cursor has a code page specified by nCodePage. An error, 1914, "Code page number is invalid", is generated if an invalid code page is specified.

The following example creates a table and displays its code page:

CREATE TABLE Sales CODEPAGE=1251 (OrderID I, CustID I, OrderAmt Y(4))

? CPDBF( )


For more information, see CREATE CURSOR - SQL Command or CREATE TABLE - SQL Command.



Obtain the Number of Fetched Records

You can obtain the number of fetched records during SQL Pass-Through execution by using the new RecordsFetched cursor property with the CURSORGETPROP( ) function.

Specifying the RecordsFetched cursor property will return the number of fetched records from an OBDC/ADO-based cursor.

If records have been deleted or appended locally, the RecordsFetched cursor property may not return the current number of records in the OBDC/ADO-based cursor. In addition, filter conditions are ignored.


For more information, see CURSORGETPROP( ) Function.



Determine if a Fetch is Complete

You can determine if a fetch process is complete for an OBDC/ADO-based cursor by using the new FetchIsComplete cursor property with the CURSORGETPROP( ) function. Read-only at design time and run time.

This property is not supported on environment level (work area 0) cursors, tables, and local views.

The FetchIsComplete cursor property returns a logical expression True (.T.) if the fetch process is complete; otherwise False (.F.) is returned.


For more information, see CURSORGETPROP( ) Function.



Determine if a Memo Field is Fetched

The new ISMEMOFETCHED( ) function determines if a Memo or General field has been fetched when using delayed Memo fetching.

A logical value of True (.T.) is returned if the specified Memo or General field is fetched when delayed Memo fetching is turned on. If local data is specified, ISMETHODFETCHED( ) will always return True (.T.).

If the cFieldName or nFieldNumber parameters do not specify a valid Memo or General field, an error is generated. Additionally, an error is generated if the specified alias is not found. If an alias or work area is not specified, the currently selected alias or work area is used.


For more information, see ISMEMOFETCHED( ) function.



See Also

What's New in Visual FoxPro

Interactive Development Environment (IDE) Enhancements

Language Enhancements

Miscellaneous Enhancements

Help Enhancements

Changes in Functionality for the Current Release

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Miscellaneous Enhancements


Visual FoxPro contains the following miscellaneous enhancements:

Printing Dialog Boxes and Printing Language Enhancements

Improved Support for Applications Detecting Terminal Servers

Updated Dr. Watson Error Reporting to 2.0

IntelliSense Saves Settings Between User Sessions



Printing Dialog Boxes and Printing Language Enhancements

Visual FoxPro includes various enhancements for its printing dialog boxes and the following language elements:

SYS(1037) - Page Setup Dialog Box
Displays Visual FoxPro default or report Page Setup dialog box or sets printer settings for the default printer in Visual FoxPro or for the report printer environment.

APRINTERS( ) Function
Can now also return a five-column array with the name of the printer, connected port, driver, comment, and location.

GETFONT( ) Function
Contains an additional setting to display only those fonts available on the current default printer and clarified values for the language script.



Improved Support for Applications Detecting Terminal Servers

Visual FoxPro now automatically includes support for applications that are generated by the build process to detect whether they are running on a Terminal Server and prevent loading of unnecessary dynamic-link library (.dll) files that can impact performance. For more information, see BUILD EXE Command.



Updated Dr. Watson Error Reporting to 2.0

Visual FoxPro includes and updates its product error reporting to support Dr. Watson 2.0. This version includes new and improved error reporting, logging, and auditing features. For example, errors are logged while offline and are posted when you reconnect.



IntelliSense Saves Settings Between User Sessions

Visual FoxPro now saves IntelliSense settings, such as turning IntelliSense on, between user sessions. These settings are controlled by the _VFP EditorOptions property. In addition, the settings in the _VFP EditorOptions property are saved in the FoxUser.dbf resource file. For more information, see EditorOptions Property.



See Also

What's New in Visual FoxPro

Interactive Development Environment (IDE) Enhancements

Language Enhancements

Data Features Enhancements

Help Enhancements

Changes in Functionality for the Current Release

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Help Enhancements


In addition to Help content for new and enhanced features, Visual FoxPro Help contains new and extensively revised topics and improvements.



New Topics

Visual FoxPro Help contains the following new general topics:

Filter Conditions for Queries and Views
Contains reorganized and revised content about filter conditions in SQL SELECT statements.

Considerations for SQL SELECT Statements
Contains reorganized and revised content about considerations you should be aware of when creating SQL SELECT statements.

Considerations for Creating Index Expressions
Contains reorganized and revised content about considerations you should be aware of when specifying index expressions for the INDEX Command.

How to: Dock Forms
Contains information about how to dock forms and considerations for docking forms.

How to: Dock Toolbars
Contains information about how to dock toolbars and considerations for docking toolbars.



Revised Topics

Visual FoxPro Help contains extensive revisions in the following topics and subtopics:

How to: Choose the Type of Data for a List or Combo Box

COMPILE Command
The topics for the COMPILE DATABASE, COMPILE FORM/CLASSLIB, and COMPILE REPORT/LABEL commands are now combined in the topic for the COMPILE command.

INDEX Command

IntelliSense Overview

Join Conditions for Tables, Queries, and Views

Handling Run-Time Errors

Object-Oriented Programming

SELECT - SQL Command

SET EXACT Command
Much of the conceptual information from this topic now appears in String and Value Comparison in Visual FoxPro.

Working with Procedures and Functions

Working with Reports
This section contains many revised and new topics about enhanced and new reporting functionality for this release.

Working with Table Indexes

XML Functions and XMLTOCURSOR( ) Function
Much of the conceptual information from these topics now appears in Converting Between XML and Visual FoxPro Data and XML Data in Visual FoxPro.



Improved Functionality

Visual FoxPro contains the following improvements in Help content and engine functionality:

Added "Back to top" links for specific topics to improve navigability.



See Also

What's New in Visual FoxPro

Interactive Development Environment (IDE) Enhancements

Data Features Enhancements

Language Enhancements

Miscellaneous Enhancements

Changes in Functionality for the Current Release

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Changes in Functionality for the Current Release


Visual FoxPro includes functionality that differs from previous versions and might affect existing code. These behavior changes are organized according to the following categories:

Critical Changes
Functionality changes most likely to affect existing code when running under this version of Visual FoxPro. It is extremely important that you read this section.

Important Changes
Functionality changes that might affect existing code when running under this version of Visual FoxPro.

Miscellaneous Changes
Functionality changes you should know about but are not likely to impact existing code.

Removed Items
Features or files that previously existed in prior versions of Visual FoxPro.



Critical Changes

Critical behavior changes will most likely to affect existing code when running under this version of Visual FoxPro. It is extremely important that you read this section.


IN (Value_Set) Clause for SQL SELECT

In previous versions of Visual FoxPro, the IN (Value_Set) clause for the WHERE clause in the SQL SELECT command is mapped to INLIST( ) function. In the current release, Visual FoxPro might stop evaluating values and expressions in the Value_Set list when the first match is found. Therefore, if the IN clause is not Rushmore-optimized, you can improve performance by placing values most likely to match in the beginning of the Value_Set list. For more information, see the description for the IN clause in the SELECT - SQL Command topic and the INLIST( ) Function.


Conversion of INLIST( ) Function in the Query Designer and View Designer

In previous versions of Visual FoxPro, the Query Designer and View Designer convert INLIST( ) function calls in the WHERE clause of the SQL SELECT command into IN (Value_Set) clauses. In the current release, this conversion no longer occurs due to the differences between INLIST( ) and the SQL IN clause. INLIST( ) remains restricted to 24 arguments. For more information, see the description for the IN clause in the SELECT - SQL Command topic and the INLIST( ) Function.



Important Changes

Important changes might affect existing code when running under Visual FoxPro 9.0.


Disabling TABLEREVERT( ) Operations During TABLEUPDATE( ) Operations

For CursorAdapters, Visual FoxPro does not permit TABLEREVERT( ) operations during operations.



For more information, see TABLEREVERT( ) Function and TABLEUPDATE( ) Function.



Miscellaneous Changes

The following are miscellaneous changes that you should know about but are not likely to impact existing code.


PEMSTATUS( ) Function Returns False for Hidden Native Properties

In previous versions of Visual FoxPro, the PEMSTATUS( ) function returned True (.T.) for hidden native properties of Visual FoxPro base classes when specifying a value of 5 for nAttribute. In the current release, PEMSTATUS( ) returns False (.F.) for these hidden native properties. For more information, see PEMSTATUS( ) Function.


Changes to Options Dialog Box

In the Options dialog box, the List display count option has been moved from the Editor tab to the View tab. For more information, see View Tab, Options Dialog Box.


AllowCellSelection Does Not Permit Deleting Grid Rows When Set to False

When AllowCellSelection is set to False (.F.) for a Grid control, you cannot select a row for deletion by clicking the deletion column. For more information, see AllowCellSelection Property.


Specifying Western Language Script Values for GETFONT( ) Function

In versions prior to this release, passing 0 as the nFontCharSet value for GETFONT( ) opened the Font Picker dialog box and displayed the Script list as unavailable. You could not specify 0 (Western) as the language script value, and setting it to 1 (Default) sets nFontCharSet to the default font setting only, which is determined by the operating system.

In this release, passing 0 to GETFONT( ) opens the Font Picker dialog box with the Script list available and Western selected. The return value for GETFONT( ) also includes the return value for nFontCharSet.



Removed Items



See Also

What's New in Visual FoxPro

Interactive Development Environment (IDE) Enhancements

Data Features Enhancements

Language Enhancements

Miscellaneous Enhancements

Help Enhancements

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How to: Submit Feedback about Help to Microsoft


This version of the Visual FoxPro Help documentation contains many improvements and suggestions we have gathered from our customers. We value your feedback and welcome any additional suggestions about the documentation that can help make it easier to use.

Each topic in Visual FoxPro Help contains a "Send feedback on this topic to Microsoft" hyperlink on every topic page that you can use to submit your comments about the Help topic. Clicking the link opens a message template. The message template contains the necessary information about the topic so you do not have to type it in.

Note:
For product and technical support issues, please contact Microsoft product support services so they can be addressed appropriately. For more information, see Microsoft Visual FoxPro Technical Support.



To submit feedback about the documentation

Locate the Help topic that you want to submit feedback for.

Near the bottom of the topic, click Send feedback on this topic to Microsoft.

Type your comments about how the topic can be improved or needs correction. Do not change the subject line of the message.

When you are finished, click Send.



See Also

What's New in Visual FoxPro
Interactive Development Environment (IDE) Enhancements
Language Enhancements
Data Features Enhancements
Miscellaneous Enhancements
Help Enhancements
Changes in Functionality for the Current Release

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Getting Started with Visual FoxPro


Microsoft Visual FoxPro is the object-oriented relational database management system that makes it possible for you to create state-of-the-art enterprise database solutions. Visual FoxPro includes professional productivity tools, documentation, and sample code for quickly building, managing, and deploying solutions.



In This Section


Locating Readme Files (Visual FoxPro)

Describes how to find the location of the Visual FoxPro Readme file.


Installing Visual FoxPro

Describes system requirements and how to install and add applications to Visual FoxPro.


Upgrading from Earlier Versions

Describes how Visual FoxPro protects your investment in applications built in previous versions of FoxPro.


How to: Convert Earlier Visual FoxPro Files

Describes how to convert files from earlier versions of FoxPro and Visual FoxPro.


Customizing the Visual FoxPro Environment

Explains how you can optimize your computer system, configure Visual FoxPro and development environment settings, restore your desktop, and how people with disabilities can improve accessibility to Visual FoxPro and Microsoft Windows.



Related Sections


What's New in Visual FoxPro

Describes the new features and enhancements included in this version of Visual FoxPro.


Using Visual FoxPro

Gives an overview of Visual FoxPro features, describes concepts and productivity tools for developing, programming, and managing high-performance database applications and components, and provides walkthroughs that help get you started. With the robust tools and data-centric object-oriented language that Visual FoxPro offers, you can build modern, scalable, multi-tier applications that integrate client/server computing and the Internet.


Developing Visual FoxPro Applications

Includes conceptual information about how to develop Visual FoxPro applications, instructions for creating databases and the user interface, and other tasks needed to create Visual FoxPro applications.


Programming in Visual FoxPro

Describes how understanding object-oriented programming techniques and the event-driven model can maximize your programming productivity and enable you to access the full power of Visual FoxPro.


Reference (Visual FoxPro)

Includes Visual FoxPro general, programming language, user interface, and error message reference topics.


Samples and Walkthroughs

Contains Visual FoxPro samples and walkthroughs that you can use for experimenting with and learning Visual FoxPro features.

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Locating Readme Files (Visual FoxPro)


The Readme.htm file is stored at the root of the Microsoft Visual FoxPro CD-ROM. Use your Internet browser to open and view the files.



To locate Readme files for additional products included in the Visual FoxPro package, see the root of each product CD-ROM.



See Also

Getting Started with Visual FoxPro

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Installing Visual FoxPro


The following sections describe information about installing Visual FoxPro.



In This Section


Requirements for Installing Visual FoxPro

Describes system requirements for installing Visual FoxPro.


How to: Install Visual FoxPro

Describes how to install Visual FoxPro.


How to: Install Additional Applications

Describes how to install other applications included with Visual FoxPro.


How to: Reinstall Visual FoxPro

Describes how to reinstall Visual FoxPro or install Visual FoxPro to another location.


Troubleshooting Installation

Describes potential issues you might encounter when installing Visual FoxPro.



Related Sections


Customizing the Visual FoxPro Environment

Explains how you can optimize your computer system, configure Visual FoxPro and development environment settings, restore your desktop, and how people with disabilities can improve accessibility to Visual FoxPro and Microsoft Windows.


Upgrading from Earlier Versions

Describes how Visual FoxPro protects your investment in applications built in previous versions of FoxPro.


Getting Started with Visual FoxPro

Provides information about where to find the Readme file, installing and upgrading from previous versions, configuring Visual FoxPro, and customizing the development environment.

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