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[朱育興]

如何：顯示檔案和專案資訊


您可以顯示單一檔案或專案整體的訊息。例如，您可以顯示單一檔案或專案清單檔案的簽出歷程記錄。通常，可用訊息包括以下內容︰

•版本編號，它指明一個新版的檔案或專案清單被簽入了多少次。
•每次誰簽入了檔案或專案檔。
•簽入的日期和時間。
•當簽入檔案或專案清單時開發者新增了什麼說明。



如何檢視檔案或專案清單的簽出歷程記錄

1.如果您在檢視單一檔案的歷程記錄，在[專案管理員]中，選取想要檢視歷程記錄的檔案。

2.對於單一檔案，從[專案]功能表中，選取[版本管理]，然後選取[顯示歷程記錄]命令。對於專案清單，從[專案]功能表中，選取[版本管理]，然後選取[顯示專案清單歷程記錄]命令。


功能表上出現的特定選項取決於您的版本管理系統。有關詳細內容，請在所顯示的對話方塊中選取[說明]，或者參考有關版本管理系統的文件。



您也可以檢視由版本管理系統維護的單一檔案或專案的訊息。這通常包括檔案或專案清單的簽出狀態的訊息，檔案是否是文字或二進位檔案 (這決定了您是否能將您的變更同中心貯存的檔案合併在一起)，等等。


如何檢視檔案或專案清單的版本管理訊息

1.如果您在檢視單一檔案的歷程記錄，在[專案管理員]中，選取想要檢視歷程記錄的檔案。

2.對於單一檔案，從[專案]功能表中，選取[版本管理]，然後選取[版本管理屬性]命令。對於專案清單，從[專案]功能表中，選取[版本管理]，然後選取[專案屬性]命令。


功能表上出現的特定選項取決於您的版本管理系統。有關詳細內容，請在所顯示的對話方塊中選取[說明]，或者參考有關版本管理系統的文件。



相關資訊

如何：驗證表單、報表和其他資料表格檔案的區別

團隊開發和修改資料庫

團隊開發專案計畫

在版本管理專案中管理檔案




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原文：


How to: Display File and Project Information


You can display information about individual files and about the project as a whole. For example, you can display the checkout history for an individual file or for the project list file. Information typically available includes:

•The version number, which indicates how many times a new version of the file or project list has been checked in.
•Who checked in the file or project file each time.
•The date and time it was checked in.
•What comments the developer added when checking in the file or project list.



To view checkout history for a file or the project list

1.If you're viewing the history of a single file, in the Project Manager, select the file for which you want to see the history.

2.For an individual file, from the Project menu, choose Source Control, then choose Show History. For the project list, from the Project menu, choose Source Control, and then choose Show Project List History.


The specific options available from this menu command depend on your source control system. For details, choose Help in the dialog box that's displayed or refer to the documentation for your source control system.



You can also view the information about an individual or about the project that's being maintained by the source control system. This usually includes information such as the checkout status of the file or project list, whether the file is a text or binary file (which determines if you can merge your changes with the centrally-stored file), and so on.


To view source control information for a file or the project list

1.If you're viewing the history of a single file, in the Project Manager, select the file for which you want to see the history.

2.For an individual file, from the Project menu, choose Source Control, and then choose Source Control Properties. For the project list, from the Project menu, choose Source Control, and then choose Project Properties.


The specific options available from this menu command depend on your source control system. For details, choose Help in the dialog box that's displayed or refer to the documentation for your source control system.



See Also

How to: Check for Differences in Forms, Reports, and Other Table Files

Developing and Modifying Databases in Teams

Planning for Team Development Projects

Managing Files in a Source-Controlled Project

[朱育興]

團隊開發和修改資料庫


除了團隊處理專案和專案檔，您的小組必須還能共用資料庫中的資訊。團隊處理資料庫不僅涉及到同時控制資料表格中資料的問題，還涉及到能否很好地共用資料庫的控制資訊。

對於多個開發者同時處理一個資料庫，他們必須能夠共用資料庫 (.dbc) 檔案。在 Visual FoxPro 中，.dbc 檔案可以作為一個普通資料表格由開發者來共用。這樣，.dbc 檔案必須與組成資料庫的資料表格一起集中儲存。開發者無法擁有 .dbc 檔案的本地電腦備份，因為他們對資料庫所作的變更無法反應到其他開發者的該檔案的版本中。

如果您確實需要變更 .dbc 檔案，請注意以下限制︰

•多個開發者無法同時修改資料庫中的某個元素 (例如資料表格的資料結構、資料集或連結)。當一個開發者修改一個資料庫的元素時，Visual FoxPro 就會鎖住 .dbc 檔案中對應項，其他使用者可以讀到該項 (也就是說，他們可以執行 USE 命令)，但是他們無法修改它 (MODIFY STRUCTURE)。

•如果一個資料庫元素正在被使用，您就無法修改它的結構。例如，如果一個開發者開啟了一個資料表格，其他開發者就無法變更它的結構。

•如果您呼叫 DBSETPROP( ) 函數來變更一個資料庫的屬性，該函數就會在更新的物件上放置一個寫入鎖定。如果存在鎖定衝突，DBSETPROP( ) 就會遵循由 SET REPROCESS 確立的規則。



處理資料集和連接

資料集和連接與資料表格多少有些區別。當您初次定義資料集時，Visual FoxPro 就會開啟資料庫中的資料表格，但不鎖定它們。但是，因為正在使用這些資料表格，其他開發者就無法修改它們的結構。

您第一次儲存一個新的資料集或連接的定義之後，Visual FoxPro 就專用地鎖定它，直到您關閉資料集或[連接設計工具]。換句話說，只要您在設計工具中開啟資料集或連接，它就被專用地鎖定。當鎖定資料集時，其他任何人都無法修改它。

當您使用一個資料集時，它的結構被暫存在本地電腦。這確卻保了當您使用資料集時修改它 ─ 例如，如果您呼叫 REFRESH( ) 或 REQUERY( ) ─ 您的表單或報表仍能繼續正常執行。



相關資訊

如何：顯示檔案和專案資訊

團隊開發類別定義函數庫

團隊開發專案計畫

在版本管理專案中管理檔案




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原文：


Developing and Modifying Databases in Teams


In addition to working together with projects and project files, your team must be able to share information in databases. Working with databases as a team involves not only the issues of ordinary concurrency control for data in tables, but the need to be able to share database control information as well.

For several developers to work with a database at the same time, they must be able to share the database (.dbc) file. In Visual FoxPro, the .dbc file can be shared between developers as an ordinary data table. The .dbc file must therefore be stored centrally with the tables making up the database. Developers shouldn't keep local copies of a .dbc file because changes that they make to the database will not be reflected in other developers' versions of the file.

If you do need to change the .dbc file, note the following restrictions:

•Developers cannot modify the same database element (such as a table structure, view, or connection) at the same time. When a developer modifies a database element, Visual FoxPro locks its entry in the .dbc file; other users can read the entry (that is, they can issue a USE command), but they cannot modify it (MODIFY STRUCTURE).

•If a database element is in use, you cannot modify its structure. For example, if one developer has a table open, no other developer can modify its structure.

•If you call the DBSETPROP( ) function to change the properties of a database, the function puts a write lock on the object being updated. If there's a lock conflict, DBSETPROP( ) follows the rules established with SET REPROCESS.



Working with Views and Connections
Views and connections work somewhat differently than tables. When you're first defining the view, Visual FoxPro uses the tables in a database, but doesn't lock them. However, because the tables are in use, other developers cannot modify their structures.

From the time you first save a new view or connection definition, Visual FoxPro locks it exclusively until you close the View or Connection Designer. In other words, as long as you have the view or connection open in a designer, it's locked exclusively. While the view is locked, no one else can modify it.

When you use a view, its structure is cached locally. This ensures that if the view is modified while you're using it — for example, if you call REFRESH( ) or REQUERY( ) — your form or report continues to run correctly.



See Also

How to: Display File and Project Information

Developing Class Libraries in Teams

Planning for Team Development Projects

Managing Files in a Source-Controlled Project

[朱育興]

團隊開發類別定義函數庫


因為類別定義函數庫 (.vcx 檔案) 是 Visual FoxPro 應用程式的關鍵部份，當建立它們時，小組必須能協調開發。 團隊處理類別定義函數庫涉及到很多與其他應用程式元件相同的協調問題，同時還具有只與類別有關的問題︰

•對類別所作的變更不僅影響使用這些類別的應用程式，而且影響所有從它們建立的次類別。
•在單一的函數庫檔案中經常貯存多個類別，函數庫檔案是版本管理系統所能管理的最小單位。

正如複雜的表單和程式，最好能隔離開發類別定義函數庫，這樣一個開發者便可以變更這個函數庫，而不影響其他開發者的工作。 理想情況是，當另一個開發者變更一個類別定義函數庫時，同組中的其他開發者也能處理它，而不用擔心對函數庫所作的變更是否會在應用程式中引起問題。

當一個類別正被使用時，Visual FoxPro 把它暫存在本地電腦中，即使使用該類別的表單已被釋放，類別也不會被釋放。 只有明確地釋放它，系統才會把它從記憶體中釋放。 您如果您在目前版本中使用了一個類別，那麼當您想要載入該類別的新版本時，必須釋放舊版本，否則 Visual FoxPro 無法把已變更的版本載入記憶體。



將類別定義函數庫置於版本管理之下

當您將一個類別定義函數庫置於版本管理之下時，一次只能有一個開發者簽出該類別定義函數庫。對於其他開發者該類別定義函數庫將成為唯讀。通常，這並不影響應用程式的開發，因為即使一個類別定義函數庫是唯讀的，開發者仍然能使用它或者建立次類別。當應用程式開發者處理類別定義函數庫的唯讀版本時，類別定義函數庫的開發者可以修改函數庫中的所有類別。

如果您使用這種方法，更新類別定義函數庫的開發者只有在完成並測試了類別定義函數庫之後才能簽入檔案。否則，當其他開發者更新他們的專案清單或取得檔案的最新版本時，會取得檔案未完成的版本。

如果您的類別定義函數庫很複雜，開發時也可以將它分解成小一點的類別定義函數庫。這種方法的另一個優點是，小類別定義函數庫載入更迅速。但是，這意味著在不同的時候有不同的類別完成和被使用。

因為每種方法都有優點，您應該根據開發小組的需要，選取適合工作的最佳策略。



相關資訊

團隊開發和修改資料庫

團隊開發專案計畫

在版本管理專案中管理檔案

如何：顯示檔案和專案資訊




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原文：


Developing Class Libraries in Teams


Because class libraries (.vcx files) are a crucial part of most Visual FoxPro applications, teams must be able to coordinate development efforts when creating them. Working with class libraries in a team involves many of the same coordination issues that any set of application components does, but adds some issues unique to classes:

•Changes to classes are propagated not just to applications that use those classes, but to all subclasses derived from them.
•Multiple classes are often stored in a single library file, the minimum unit that can be managed by a source control system.

As with complex forms and programs, it's good practice to isolate development in a class library, so that one developer can make changes to the library without affecting the work of other developers. Ideally, the team of developers can work with a class library while it's being enhanced by another developer, without having to worry about whether changes to the libraries will cause problems in the application.

When a class is used, Visual FoxPro caches it on the user's computer, even after a form that uses the class has been released. You must explicitly release the class before Visual FoxPro will recognize it as no longer in use. If you've used a class during the current session (and it's therefore cached), but want to load a new version of the class, be sure to release the class to force Visual FoxPro to reload it from the changed library.



Putting Class Libraries Under Source Control

When you put a class library under source control, only one developer can check the library out at a time. The library becomes read-only for other developers. As a rule, this doesn't interfere with application development, because developers can use and subclass a library even if it's read-only. While the application developers work with the read-only version of the library, the class library developer can modify all the classes in the library.

If you use this approach, the developer who is updating the library shouldn't check in the file until it has been finished and tested. Otherwise, other developers will get the incomplete version of the file when they update their project file lists or get the latest versions of files.

If the library is very complex, you can also consider breaking it into smaller libraries for development. Another advantage of this approach is that smaller library files load faster. However, this means that different classes might be finished and available at different times.

Because each approach has its advantages, you should examine the requirements of your development team and choose the strategy that best fits how you work.



See Also

Developing and Modifying Databases in Teams

Planning for Team Development Projects

Managing Files in a Source-Controlled Project

How to: Display File and Project Information

[朱育興]

開發國際化應用程式


本章節將介紹如何使用 Visual FoxPro 的國際化特性，在國際性市場中開發和規劃可相容及有效的應用程式。



在本章節中


規劃一個國際化應用程式

描述準備一個國際化應用程式的步驟。


本土化設計

描述當使用本土化的使用者界面元件設計時的最佳作法。


在國際化應用程式中管理檔案

說明專案管理員如何可以幫助組織國際化應用程式。在專案中，可以將應用程式的各部份集中到一起，如表單、功能表、程式和報表等。



相關章節


建立國際化應用程式

描述該如何在國際性市場中建立相容及有效的 Visual FoxPro 應用程式。


開發 Visual FoxPro 應用程式

包括關於該如何發展 Visual FoxPro 應用程式的概念性資訊、建立資料庫和使用者界面的指令以及其他任務需要產生 Visual FoxPro 應用程式。




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原文：


Developing International Applications


This section describes how to use the international features of Visual FoxPro to develop and plan applications that are compatible and effective in international markets.



In This Section


Planning an International Application

Describes steps for preparing an international application.


Designing for Localization

Describes best practices to use when designing user interface components for localization.


Managing Files in an International Application

Explains how the Project Manager can help you organize an international application. In a project you can integrate the parts of an application, such as forms, menus, programs, and reports.



Related Sections


Creating International Applications

Describes how to create Visual FoxPro applications that are compatible and effective in international markets.


Developing Visual FoxPro Applications

Includes conceptual information about how to develop Visual FoxPro applications, instructions for creating databases and the user interface, and other tasks needed to create Visual FoxPro applications.

[朱育興]

規劃一個國際化應用程式


透過為國際化使用而設計的應用程式，會比之後為國際化使用來修改應用程式較節省行銷的成本和時間。當您準備設計國際化應用程式時，請考慮下列：

•國際化應用程式可接受的資料。
•撰寫國際化應用程式的程式碼。
•設計使用者界面的考量。

建立開發一個國際化應用程式一般要包括以下步驟：準備資料、撰寫程式碼和設計使用者界面。下列各項章節包含更多有關這些考量的資訊。



決定國際化應用程式可接受的資料

若要決定國際化應用程式可接受的資料，請考慮下列：

•應用程式使用者的地區。
•語言影響資料所使用的字碼頁。

使用者的地區不但決定了資料使用的語言，而且也影響了其字碼頁。字碼頁是一個字集，電腦用這個字集來準確地顯示資料，控制國際化字元。國際化字元包括具有發音區隔符號的字元。區隔發音符號放置在字母的上方、下方或覆蓋其上，表示該字母與未加記號的字母發音不同。例如，最常用的發音區隔符號有：抑音符 (à 中的 `)、尖音符 (á 中的 ')、母音符 (â 中的 ^)、鄂音符 (ã 中的 ~)、母音變化符 (ä 中的 ¨) 和 (ø 中的 /)，均用於母音的發音。

通常，當您處理資料時，資料會用字碼頁自動地作出恰當的記號。但是，如果您用手動模式給一個資料表格指定字碼頁或是由於其它原因引起字碼頁改變，使用者就未知所顯示的全部或部份資料。相關詳細資訊請參考「Visual FoxPro 中的字碼頁」。

有些語言，像中文、韓文和日文，使用雙位元組字集 (DBCS) 表示他們的資料。如果您的應用程式要在這種環境下執行，就需要使用特定的字串處理函數和排序次序，才能使應用程式正常執行。相關詳細資訊請參考「使用雙位元組字集建立的應用程式」。



撰寫國際化應用程式的程式碼

一個應用程式由應用元件和使用者界面元件組合。 應用組件包括執行於所有地區的程式碼，其中也包括用於處理使用者界面中的字串和圖形的程式碼。使用者界面元件包括圖形、字串，以及對應於不同地區的設定資訊，如日期、貨幣、數值和間隔物件。

在設計應用程式時，應使應用元件和使用者界面元件分離，因為這樣可以使得應用程式更易於本土化和維護。

例如，各元件分離後，在本土化界面單元時就不需要再看原始程式碼。相關詳細資訊請參考「修改國際化應用程式」。



設計國際化應用程式的使用者界面

使用者界面中的功能表、表單、提示訊息、圖示和點陣圖必須適合於應用程式所針對的地區特點來設計。例如，當設計用於德國和法國的應用程式時，所用的對話方塊必須足夠大，以便顯示已翻譯成德語和法語的提示訊息。另外，圖示和點陣圖上的圖形要根據不同地區的文化特性進行修改，以便應用程式使用地區的使用者能夠瞭解。相關詳細資訊請參考「本土化設計」。



測試國際化應用程式

當測試國際化應用程式時，請記得驗證下列：

•應用程式對國家和語言的依賴程度。
•應用程式的資料和使用者界面符合所使用國家有關日期、時間、數值、貨幣、清單間隔物件和測量單位的規定。



相關資訊

開發國際化應用程式




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原文：


Planning an International Application


By designing an application for international use, you can reduce the cost and time to market instead of modifying it later for international use. When you prepare to design an international application, make sure you consider the following:

•Acceptable data for an international application.
•Writing code for an international application.
•Design considerations for the user interface.

Preparing an international application usually involves the following steps: creating data, writing code, and designing a user interface. The following sections contain more information about these considerations.



Determining Acceptable Data for International Applications

To determine acceptable data for an international application, consider the following:

•Locales of the application users.
•Languages that affect the code page used to prepare data.

The locales of your users determine the cultural content of the data as well as the languages that affect the code page. A code page is a character set that a computer uses to display data properly, often to handle international characters. International characters include characters that have diacritical marks. Diacritical marks are placed over, under, or through letters to indicate sound changes from the unmarked form. For example, the most common diacritical marks are the grave accent (` as in à), acute accent (' as in á), circumflex (^ as in â), tilde (~ as in ã), umlaut (¨ as in ä), and slash (/ as in ø), all used in conjunction with vowels.

Ordinarily, data is automatically marked with the appropriate code page when you work with it. However, if you manually assign a code page to a table, or if you otherwise cause the code page to change, users might not recognize some or all of the data displayed. For more information, see Code Pages in Visual FoxPro.

Some languages, such as Chinese, Korean, and Japanese, use double-byte character sets (DBCS) to represent their data. If your application might run in these environments, you might need to use special string-handling functions and collation sequences for the application to work properly. For more information, see Application Creation with Double-Byte Character Sets.



Writing Code for International Applications

An application consists of an application component and a user interface component. The application component contains the code that runs for all locales, including code that processes the strings and graphics used in the user interface. The user interface component contains graphics, text strings, and settings related to various locales, such as dates, currencies, numeric values, and separators.

When designing your application, keep the application and user interface components separate because independent components make the application easier to localize and maintain.

For example, you do not have to browse the source code to localize interface elements when they are separate components. For more information, see Modifying International Applications.



Designing the User Interface for International Applications

The menus, forms, controls, toolbars, and bitmaps used in the user interface must be appropriate for the locales for the application you design. For example, if you design the application for users in Germany and France, dialog boxes must be large enough to display instructions that are localized in German and French. In addition, the images used in icons and bitmaps must be culturally appropriate and correct so that users in target locales can understand them. For more information, see Designing for Localization.


Testing International Applications

When testing international applications, remember to check the following:

•Country and language dependencies for the application.
•Application data and user interface for conformity to the locale's standards for date and time, numeric values, currency, list separators, and measurements.



See Also

Developing International Applications

[朱育興]

本土化設計


因為對應用程式做本地化時，有可能增加文字，所以在設計如下使用者界面組件時要細心：

•應用程式資訊
•功能表和表單
•圖示和點陣圖



建立應用程式資訊

當在應用程式中建立資訊時，英語的文字字串通常比相對應其他語言的文字字串短。下表顯示出了字串長度的平均增加值。

----------------------------------------
英文長度 (字元數) 本地電腦化字串的增長量
----------------- ----------------------
1 到　4　　　　　　　　　 100%
5 到 10　　　　　　　　　　80%
11 到 20　　　　　　　　　　60%
21 到 30　　　　　　　　　　40%
31 到 50　　　　　　　　　　20%
超過　50　　　　　　　　　　10%
----------------------------------------


設計功能表和表單

與資訊一樣，在本地化應用程式時功能表和表單會增大。例如，考慮如下表單，它是自動提款機範例應用程式的一部份。第一張圖為英語表單，第二張圖為對應的西班牙語版本，可以看到增長的字串需要更多的空間。

提示：
如果在界面中為增長的字串而預留空間，做本土化工作的程式員就會花較少時間來改變控制物件的大小並重新設計界面。



在功能表和表單中，要避免狀態列過於擁擠，同時要避免使用縮寫 (因為在其他語言中可能不存在對應的縮寫)。



使用圖示和點陣圖

如果使用適當，圖示和點陣圖會成為使用者界面的重要組成部份。然而，圖示和點陣圖的含義會比單字的含義更模糊，因此在使用圖示和點陣圖時應考慮如下規則：

•使用被普遍認識的圖形。例如，使用信封而不是信箱來代表郵件，因為信箱不是普遍使用的標誌。
•避免使用文化敏感性的圖形。例如，要避免使用宗教標誌或動物圖形。
•避免在點陣圖中使用文字，因為文字變長會和界面中一樣會帶來問題。
•避免使用專業用語、俚語、幽默或誇張用語，以及有種族背景的用語。
•使用工具提示解釋圖示還具有其它的優點，即可以自動地延伸到它們顯示文字的大小。
•當描述男性和女性時，要確保男女地位為所在地區的文化所接受，人體影像及姿勢符合當地文化習慣。
•適當使用顏色。例如，避免使用與國旗和政治運動有關的顏色組合。

如果對所使用的圖示和點陣圖是否合適沒有把握，可與當地的人員進行討論。



相關資訊

規劃一個國際化應用程式

如何：輸入國際化資料

開發國際化應用程式

Visual FoxPro 中的字碼頁

Visual FoxPro 所支援的字碼頁




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原文：


Designing for Localization　


Because text tends to increase when you localize an application, be careful when designing the following user interface components:

•Application messages
•Menus and forms
•Icons and bitmaps



Creating Application Messages

When you create messages in your application, English text strings are usually shorter than equivalent text strings in other languages. The following table shows the additional average growth for strings, based on their initial length.

----------------------------------------------------------------------
English length (in characters) Additional growth for localized strings
------------------------------ ---------------------------------------
1 to　4　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　100%
5 to 10　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 80%
11 to 20　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 60%
21 to 30　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 40%
31 to 50　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 20%
over　50　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 10%
----------------------------------------------------------------------


Designing Menus and Forms

As with messages, menus and forms can grow when the application is localized. For instance, consider the following forms, which are part of an Automated Teller Machine sample application. The first figure shows the English form, and the second figure shows the Spanish equivalent. You can see that extra space was allocated for text to increase in the form.

Tip:　
If you allow room for text to increase in an interface, localizers need less time to resize controls and to redesign the interface.



In menus and forms, avoid crowding status bars. Also, avoid abbreviations, because they might not exist in other languages.



Using Icons and Bitmaps

Used properly, icons and bitmaps can be an important part of a user interface. However, the meaning of icons and bitmaps can be more ambiguous than the meaning of words. Therefore, consider the following guidelines when using icons and bitmaps:

•Use images that are universally recognized. For example, use an envelope to represent mail, but don't use a mailbox because it's not a universal symbol.
•Use culturally sensitive images. For example, avoid using images of religious symbols and animals.
•Avoid using text in bitmaps, because text growth can become a problem, just as it can in other parts of the interface.
•Avoid jargon, slang, humor, extravagant language, and ethnic stereotypes.
•Use ToolTips to help explain icons, which have the added advantage of expanding automatically to the size of the text they display.
•If you portray men and women, ensure that their gender roles are suitable, and that gestures and images of the human body are appropriate in the target culture.
•Use color appropriately. For example, avoid using color combinations associated with national flags or political movements.

If you're not sure whether an icon or bitmap is appropriate, consult someone in the locale for which you're designing the application.



See Also

Planning an International Application

How to: Enter International Data

Developing International Applications

Code Pages in Visual FoxPro

Code Pages Supported by Visual FoxPro

[朱育興]

在國際化應用程式中管理檔案


[專案管理員]可以幫助組織國際化應用程式。在專案中，可以將應用程式的各部份集中到一起，如表單、功能表、程式和報表等。專案可以確保在為某個地區編譯連結應用程式時各部份都是最新的。

與 .dbf 檔不同，查詢和程式這類的文字檔沒有字碼頁旗標。這就意味著，要想正確的使用這些檔案，就必須瞭解這些文字檔所用的字碼頁。使用專案管理員，可以知道文字檔所用的字碼頁。



分送本土化執行時期檔案

如果將您的應用程式與 Visual FoxPro 的執行時期版本一起分送，您可能會需要包含一個本土化的資源檔。該檔案包含了 Visual FoxPro 用於同使用者進行交談方式的對話方塊和其他使用者界面元素。對於不同語言的 Visual FoxPro，執行時期資源檔也不同。

通常，只有在下列各種情況同時存在時，您才需要自己建立一個本土化的執行時期資源檔︰

•在您的應用程式中包含了 Visual FoxPro 的執行時期版本。
•您將您的應用程式分送給使用不同於您的開發應用程式所用語言的使用者。例如，如果為說英文的使用者開發應用程式，您就不必擔心包含一個本土化的資源檔。但是，如果您使用 Visual FoxPro 的英語版本開發應用程式，卻在一個說法語的國家分送您的應用程式，您就應該考慮包含執行時期資源檔。
•您的應用程式需要顯示 Visual FoxPro 的對話方塊、功能表或錯誤訊息。通常，如果您已經設計您自己版本並本土化這些界面元素，您就不必包含本土化的資源檔。

執行時期資源檔是用 VFPVersionNumber***.dll 的格式命名的，其中 VersionNumber 是 Visual FoxPro 的版本編號以及”***”三個字母是程式所用語言的代號。例如，ENU 代表了美國英語 (United States English)，DEU 代表了德語 (German)，而代號 FRA 代表了法語 (French)。

即使您不想將 Visual FoxPro 中的任何界面元素作為您的應用程式的一部份使用，您也必須至少包含一個執行時期資源檔。預設情況下，Visual FoxPro 包含了與您的程式一起提供的資源檔。例如，如果使用美國版本的 Visual FoxPro 開發應用程式，並且在您的應用程式中包含執行時期檔案，Visual FoxPro 就自動包含 VFPVersionNumberRENU.dll。如果您不想使用一個本土化的資源檔，您可以簡單地作為應用程式的一部份分送預設資源檔。

當安裝應用程式時，使用者可以指定執行時期資源檔，這需要在 Windows 系統登錄中註冊，或者使用一個命令切換。

若要指定一個執行時期資源檔：

•在啟動您的應用程式的命令，包含 L 命令列切換以及您想使用的資源檔名 (如果必要，還須包含路徑)。不要在切換和檔案名稱之間加空白。 例如，下面的命令指定 VFPVersionNumberRDEU.dll 檔案作為資源檔︰

C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual ;
FoxPro\MYAPP.EXE -LC:\MyApp\VFPVersionNumberRDEU.dll

—或者—

•在使用者的電腦上設定 Windows 登錄 (使用程式碼或應用程式，例如 Regedit.exe)，指定需要用到的資源檔。包含執行時期檔案名稱的登錄項是︰ HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\VisualFoxProRuntime.VersionNumber\Resources
例如，下列的登錄項指定執行時期資源檔 VFPRDEU.dll：
HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\VisualFoxproRuntime.VersionNumber\Resources C:\Program Files\Common Files\Microsoft Shared\VFP\VFPRDEU.dll
如果你想要控制被 Visual FoxPro 的完整開發版本用的資源檔，使用沒有執行時期參考的一個相似的登錄機碼： HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\VisualFoxpro.VersionNumber\Resources
例如，下列的登錄項指定在安裝 Visual FoxPro 的完整開發版本的電腦上的資源檔。
HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\VisualFoxpro.VersionNumber\Resources C:\Program Files\Visual FoxPro VersionNumber \VFPDEU.dll
當啟動執行時期應用程式時，Visual FoxPro 首先根據 L 命令列切換然後根據登錄的設定搜尋資源檔。如果，這些設定都沒有指定一個本土化的資源檔，Visual FoxPro 使用目前的本地電腦系統 (Windows) 動態地構造一個 DLL 檔案名稱。因此，如果您的應用程式本土化的資源檔與使用者的 Windows 版本的本地電腦系統相符合，則您不需要明確指定資源檔。但是，如果您想保證載入了正確的檔案，最安全的辦法是不依賴於系統預設設定。



相關資訊

建立國際化應用程式

修改國際化應用程式

如何：指定文字檔的字碼頁

應用程式分送程序

開發國際化應用程式

使用雙位元組字集建立的應用程式

在國際化應用程式中排序資料




----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
原文：



Managing Files in an International Application


The Project Manager can help you organize an international application. In a project you can integrate the parts of an application, such as forms, menus, programs, and reports. The project ensures that the parts are current when you build the application for its target market.

Unlike .dbf files, text files such as query and program files don't have code page marks. This means that you must keep track of the code pages used by text files so that you can use the files properly. With the Project Manager, you can track the code pages used by text files.



Distributing Locale-Specific Run-Time Files

If you're distributing your application along with the run-time version of Visual FoxPro, you might need to include a locale-specific resource file. This file contains the dialog boxes and other user-interface elements that Visual FoxPro uses to interact with the user. There is a different run-time resource file for each language in which Visual FoxPro is available.

You would normally need to concern yourself about a locale-specific run-time resource only if all of the following are true:

•You are including the run-time version of Visual FoxPro with your application.
•You are distributing your application to users who use a language different from the one in which you developed it. For example, if you develop in English for an English-speaking user base, you don't need to worry about including a locale-specific resource file. However, if you use the English version of Visual FoxPro to develop but are distributing your run-time application in a French-speaking country, you should consider including the run-time resource file.
•Your application displays Visual FoxPro dialog boxes, menus, or error messages. Typically, if you've designed and localized your own versions of these interface elements, you don't need to include the locate-specific resource file.

Run-time resource files are named using the format VFPVersionNumber***.dll, where VersionNumber is the version number of Visual FoxPro and "***" is a three-letter code representing the language. For example, the code ENU stands for United States English, the code DEU stands for German, and the code FRA for French.

You must always include at least one run-time resource file, even if you don't intend to use any of the user interface elements in Visual FoxPro as part of your application. By default, Visual FoxPro includes the resource file that's provided with your copy of the program. For example, if you're developing an application using the United States version of Visual FoxPro, Visual FoxPro automatically includes VFPVersionNumberRENU.dll if you include run-time files with your application. If you have no reason to use a locale-specific resource file, you can simply distribute the default resource file as part of your application.

When the application is installed, users can specify the run-time resource file to use by making an entry in the Windows system registry or by using a command-line switch.

To specify a run-time resource file:

•In the command line that starts your application, include the L switch and the name of the resource file that you want to use (including a path if necessary). Do not put a space between the switch and the file name. For example, the following command specifies the file VFPVersionNumberRDEU.dll as the resource file:

C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual ;
FoxPro\MYAPP.EXE -LC:\MyApp\VFPVersionNumberRDEU.dll

-or-

•Set the Windows registry on the user's machine (using code or an application such as Regedit.exe) to point to the resource file to use. The registry entry containing the name of the run-time resource file is: HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\VisualFoxProRuntime.VersionNumber\Resources For example, the following registry entry points to the run-time resource file VFPRDEU.dll: HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\VisualFoxproRuntime.VersionNumber\Resources C:\Program Files\Common Files\Microsoft Shared\VFP\VFPRDEU.dll If you want to control the resource file used by the full development version of Visual FoxPro, use a similar registry key without the run-time reference: HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\VisualFoxpro.VersionNumber\Resources For example, the following registry entry points to the resource file on a computer with the full version of Visual FoxPro installed: HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\VisualFoxpro.VersionNumber\Resources C:\Program Files\Visual FoxPro VersionNumber \VFPDEU.dll
When the run-time application starts, Visual FoxPro searches for a resource file, first according to the L switch and then according to the Registry setting. If neither of these settings specifies a locale-specific resource file, Visual FoxPro uses the current system (Windows) locale to dynamically construct a DLL file name. Therefore, if the locale-specific resource file for your application matches the system locale on the user's version of Windows, you don't need to explicitly specify the resource file name. However, it's always safest not to rely on the system default if you want to be sure that the proper file is loaded.



See Also

Creating International Applications

Modifying International Applications

How to: Specify the Code Page of a Text File

Application Distribution Process

Developing International Applications

Application Creation with Double-Byte Character Sets

Sorting Data in International Applications

[朱育興]

建立應用程式


當您建立 Visual FoxPro 應用程式時，通常包括一個或多個資料庫、設定應用程式系統環境的主程式以及使用者界面 (諸如表單、工具列、報表和功能表等)。

若要建立一個應用程式，請按下列步驟：

1.建立一個專案。
2.透過設定起始點、初始化環境和開始事件的迴圈來組態應用程式。
3.建立應用程式的使用者界面。
4.建立應用程式的報表和標籤。

應用程式框架能自動地產生應用程式以包括全部需要，和許多可選擇的，使一個應用程式有效的和容易來使用的元素。相關詳細資訊請參考「建立具有 [應用程式框架] 的應用程式」。



在本章節中


處理專案

描述使用專案當做開發大型應用程式的一個方法。


組態應用程式

說明在設定一個 Visual FoxPro 應用程式方面所涉及的步驟。


建立具有 [應用程式框架] 的應用程式

說明如何使用[應用程式精靈]和[應用程式輔助設計工具]來建立具有[應用程式框架]的應用程式。


建立使用者界面

討論如何建立表單、類別、控制項和工具列為使用者界面提供一系列的工具。


處理報表

介紹 Visual FoxPro 報表與標籤以及如何在您的應用程式中包括它們。


建立國際化應用程式

描述該如何設計和開發 Visual FoxPro 應用程式使其國際化如同合乎國內式地有效。



參考


資料庫精靈

可使用預先定義範本幫助您建立包含適當資料表格的資料庫。


資料庫設計工具 (Visual FoxPro)

顯示及允許您建立和修改資料表格、資料集和包含在資料庫中的關聯。


[專案管理員] 視窗

可組織和管理專案中的檔案。



相關章節


開發 Visual FoxPro 應用程式

包括關於該如何發展 Visual FoxPro 應用程式的概念性資訊、建立資料庫和使用者界面的指令以及其他任務需要產生 Visual FoxPro 應用程式。


在 Visual FoxPro 中的程式設計

描述如何深入瞭解物件導向程式設計技術和事件導向模型能使你的程式設計生產力最佳化而且使你能夠來存取 Visual FoxPro 的全部功效。




----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
原文：


Creating Applications


When you create a Microsoft Visual FoxPro application, it typically includes one or more databases, a main program that sets up the application's system environment, and a user interface comprised of forms, toolbars, reports, and menus.

To create an application, follow these steps:

1.Create a project.
2.Configure your application by setting a starting point, initializing the environment, and starting the event loop.
3.Create a user interface for your application.
4.Create reports and labels for your application.

The Application Framework can create applications automatically that include all required, and many optional, elements that make an application effective and easy to use. For more information, see Creating Applications with the Application Framework.



In This Section


Working with Projects

Describes using projects as a way to develop large applications.


Configuring an Application

Explains the steps involved in configuring a Visual FoxPro application.


Creating Applications with the Application Framework

Explains how to create applications with the Application Framework using the Application Wizard and the Application builder.


Creating the User Interface

Discusses how creating forms, classes, controls, and toolbars can provide a rich set of tools for your user interface.


Working with Reports

Introduces Visual FoxPro reports and labels and how to include them in your applications.


Creating International Applications

Describes how you can design and develop your Visual FoxPro applications so they are as effective internationally as domestically.



Reference


Database Wizard

Makes it possible for you to use predefined templates to help you create a database containing appropriate tables.


Database Designer (Visual FoxPro)

Displays and allows you to create and modify tables, views, and relationships that are contained in a database.


Project Manager Window

Makes it possible for you to organize and manage your files in projects.



Related Sections


Developing Visual FoxPro Applications

Includes conceptual information about how to develop Visual FoxPro applications, instructions for creating databases and the user interface, and other tasks needed to create Visual FoxPro applications.


Programming in Visual FoxPro

Describes how understanding object-oriented programming techniques and the event-driven model can maximize your programming productivity and enable you to access the full power of Visual FoxPro.

[朱育興]

處理專案


Visual FoxPro 專案使得開發大型應用程式更容易和快速。當您要建立應用程式和管理與應用程式相關的檔案時，您可以使用專案來組織和處理那些檔案。實際上，專案是透過應用程式，如依賴程度、參照與在檔案之間的連接，持續追蹤所需的所有檔案的資料表格。例如，一個簡單的專案可以包括表單、程式、報表、資料庫、資料表格、查詢和其他檔案。



在本章節中


如何：建立專案

說明如何建立專案。


如何：建立專案中的檔案

說明該如何為應用程式元件在專案中建立新的檔案，例如資料庫、資料表格、程式、查詢、文字檔等等。


如何：在專案中加入檔案

說明該如何在專案中加入既存的檔案。


如何：編輯專案中的檔案

說明該如何編輯專案檔及為它們加入說明。


如何：搜尋程式碼參照

描述該如何在專案與文字檔中搜尋參照和文字。


如何：替換程式碼參照

描述該如何替換在專案與文字檔中所搜尋的程式碼參照和文字。


如何：檢視程式碼定義

描述該如何檢視在目前的程式檔中的一個搜尋的程式碼參照中程式碼元素的定義。


如何：從專案中移除檔案

說明該如何從專案中移除或刪除檔案。


延伸 Visual FoxPro 的專案

介紹和描述該如何使用專案管理員連鉤以程式撰寫方式延伸處理專案。



相關章節


處理程式

介紹使用程式檔儲存執行您不想要立刻執行的指令的系列的程式碼。


開發 Visual FoxPro 應用程式

包括關於該如何發展 Visual FoxPro 應用程式的概念性資訊、建立資料庫和使用者界面的指令以及其他任務需要產生 Visual FoxPro 應用程式。


應用程式規劃

描述該如何認真細緻的規劃可以節省時間、精力和資金以及在規劃階段期間所做的決定往往會影響您如何建立應用程式。


建立應用程式

討論該如何建立 Visual FoxPro 應用程式，可能包括一個或多個資料庫、設定應用程式系統環境的主程式以及使用者界面 (諸如表單、工具列和功能表等)。


處理資料

描述該如何建立有以你的資料需求為基礎的索引、資料表格和資料庫的有效的應用程式。




----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
原文：


Working with Projects


Visual FoxPro projects make it easier and faster to develop large applications. When you want create an application and manage files associated with that application, you can use projects to organize and work those files. Projects are actually tables that keep track of all files required by an application as well as dependencies, references, and connections among the files. For example, a simple project might consist of forms, programs, reports, databases, tables, queries and other files.



In This Section


How to: Create Projects

Explains how to create projects.


How to: Create Files in Projects

Explains to how to create new files in projects for application components, such as databases, tables, programs, queries, text files, and so on.


How to: Add Files to a Project

Explains how to add existing files to projects.


How to: Edit Files in Projects

Explains how to edit project files and add descriptions for them.


How to: Search For Code References

Describes how to search for references and text in projects and text files.


How to: Replace Code References

Describes how to replace code references and text that you search for in projects and text files.


How to: View Code Definitions

Describes how to view the definition of a code element found in a code reference search in the current program file.


How to: Remove Files from Projects

Explains how to remove or delete files from projects.


Extending Projects in Visual FoxPro

Introduces and describes how to use Project Manager hooks to extend working with projects programmatically.



Related Sections


Working with Programs

Introduces using program files to store code for executing series of instructions that you do not want to run immediately.


Developing Visual FoxPro Applications

Includes conceptual information about how to develop Visual FoxPro applications, instructions for creating databases and the user interface, and other tasks needed to create Visual FoxPro applications.


Application Planning

Describes how careful planning saves time, effort, and money and how many of the decisions you make during the planning phase will impact how you create elements of the application.


Creating Applications

Discusses how to create a Visual FoxPro application, which may include one or more databases, a main program that sets up the application's system environment, and a user interface comprised of forms, toolbars, and menus.


Working with Data

Describes how to create effective applications with indexes, tables, and databases based on your data requirements.

[朱育興]

如何：建立專案


可使用 [應用程式精靈] 或空專案來為您的應用程式建立專案。在建立專案之後，Visual FoxPro 為新專案產生相關的資料夾和檔案，包括主要專案 (.pjx) 檔案和專案說明 (.pjt) 檔案。

精靈幫助您對於您的應用程式專案使用一系列問題的回答來建立和設定選項。[應用程式精靈] 幫助您建立專案、使用 [應用程式輔助設計工具] 加入檔案以及建立為應用程式包含必需與可選擇的元素的應用程式框架。



若要使用精靈建立專案

1.在 [檔案] 功能表上，按一下 [開新檔案]。

2.在 [開新檔案] 對話方塊中，按一下 [專案]，然後選取 [精靈]。

　[應用程式精靈] 對話方塊開啟。

3.在 [應用程式精靈] 對話方塊的 [專案名稱] 方塊中，輸入您的專案的名稱。若要將您的專案選擇另外的位置，請在 [專案檔] 方塊中更改位置或按一下 [瀏覽] 來選擇一個不同的位置。

　此 [專案檔] 方塊顯示您所輸入專案的位置和名稱。

4.當你完成時，按一下 [確定]。



Visual FoxPro 顯示 [應用程式輔助設計工具] 對話方塊使得可設定附加的選項和把檔案加入您的應用程式。

相關詳細資訊請參考「[應用程式精靈]」、「應用程式輔助設計工具」和「建立具有 [應用程式框架] 的應用程式」。


若要建立空專案

1.在 [檔案] 功能表上，按一下 [開新檔案]。

2.在 [開新檔案] 對話方塊中，按一下 [專案]，然後選取 [新檔案]。

3.在 [建立] 對話方塊中，選取一個位置來儲存專案和輸入新專案的名稱。

4.按一下 [儲存檔案]。

Visual FoxPro 為您的專案開啟 [專案管理員]視窗。相關詳細資訊請參考「[專案管理員] 視窗」。


若要以程式撰寫方式建立專案

•使用 CREATE PROJECT 命令來開啟 [專案管理員]。

相關詳細資訊請參考「CREATE PROJECT 命令」。

在建立您的專案之後，Visual FoxPro 開啟 [專案管理員] 使得您可在專案中增加及處理檔案。檔案必須被新增到專案中才可被包含在一個應用程式中。相關詳細資訊請參考「如何：在專案中加入檔案」。

如果您有資料，例如來自其他的應用程式的工作表、文字檔或資料表格，均可先將其匯入 Visual FoxPro 然後將它加入到一個專案中。相關詳細資訊請參考「匯入和匯出資料」。



相關資訊

如何：建立專案中的檔案

如何：在專案中加入檔案

處理專案




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原文：


How to: Create Projects


You can create a project for your application using the Application wizard or as an empty project. After you create a project, Visual FoxPro generates the associated folders and files for the new project, including the main project (.pjx) file and project memo (.pjt) file.

A wizard helps you create and set options for your application project using your answers to a series of questions. The Application Wizard helps you create a project, add files using the Application Builder, and create an application framework that includes required and optional elements for applications.



To create a project using a wizard

1.On the File menu, click New.

2.In the New dialog box, click Project, and then Wizard.

　The Application Wizard dialog box opens.

3.In the Project name box of the Application Wizard dialog box, type the name for your project. To choose another location for your project, change the location in the Project file box or click Browse to select a different location.

　The Project file box displays the location and name of your project as you type it.

4.When you are finished, click OK.



Visual FoxPro displays the Application Builder dialog box so you can set additional options and add files to your application.

For more information, see Application Wizard, Application Builder, and Creating Applications with the Application Framework.


To create an empty project

1.On the File menu, click New.

2.In the New dialog box, click Project, and then New File.

3.In the Create dialog box, choose a location to save the project and type the name for the new project.

4.Click Save.

Visual FoxPro opens the Project Manager window for your project. For more information, see Project Manager Window.


To create a project programmatically

•Use the CREATE PROJECT command to open the Project Manager.

For more information, see CREATE PROJECT Command.

After you create your project, Visual FoxPro opens the Project Manager so you can add and work with files in your project. Files must be added to a project to be included in an application. For more information, see How to: Add Files to a Project.

If you have data, such as spreadsheets, text files, or tables from other applications, you can import it into Visual FoxPro and add it to the project. For more information, see Importing and Exporting Data.



See Also

How to: Create Files in Projects

How to: Add Files to a Project

Working with Projects

[朱育興]

如何：建立專案中的檔案


在為您的應用程式建立一個專案之後，在您的專案中可為新的應用程式元件建立檔案，例如資料表格、查詢、程式或文字檔。



若要在一個新專案元件建立一個檔案

1.開啟您應用程式的專案。

2.在 [專案管理員] 中，展開在專案階層結構中包含您想要建立一個檔案為元件類型的節點。

3.按一下您想要建立一個檔案的元件類型。

4.在 [專案] 功能表上，按一下 [新檔案]。

提示：
您也可以在 [專案管理員] 中按一下 [新增檔案]。

5.執行下列其中一個：

•若要開始精靈的元件，按一下 [精靈] 按鈕。
•若要建立空白檔案的元件，按一下 [新元件] 按鈕。


相關詳細資訊請參考「[專案管理員] 視窗」。



相關資訊

如何：在專案中加入檔案

如何：編輯專案中的檔案

處理專案




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原文：


How to: Create Files in Projects


After creating a project for your application, you can create files for new application components, such as tables, queries, programs, or text files, in your project.



To create a file for a new project component

1.Open the project for your application.

2.In the Project Manager, expand the node in the project hierarchy containing the component type that you want to create a file for.

3.Click the component type you want to create a file for.

4.On the Project menu, click New File.

Tip:
You can also click New in the Project Manager.

5.Perform one of the following:

•To begin a wizard for the component, click the wizard button.
•To create a blank file for the component, click the new component button.


For more information, see Project Manager Window.



See Also

How to: Add Files to a Project

How to: Edit Files in Projects

Working with Projects

[朱育興]

如何：在專案中加入檔案


如果要在應用程式中含入檔案，必須新增它們到此應用程式的專案中。可以使用 [應用程式輔助設計工具] 或 [專案管理員] 新增既存檔案到專案中。使用 [專案管理員] 自動在專案中新增所要建立新的檔案。在編譯連結應用程式時，Visual FoxPro 將該檔案作為應用程式的一部分元件包含進來。

注意：
當您從專案中建立應用程式時，包含在專案中的檔案會標示為唯讀。如果應用程式中包含將被使用者修改的檔案，必須將這些檔案從建立過程中排除。相關詳細資訊請參考「從建立中排除可修改檔案」。



如何在專案中增加檔案

1.開啟您應用程式的專案。

2.在 [專案管理員] 中，展開在專案階層結構中包含您想要增加為元件類型的節點。

3.按一下您想要的元件類型。

4.在 [專案] 功能表上，按一下 [加入檔案]。

提示：
也可以在 [專案管理員] 中按一下 [加入]。

元件類型的 [選擇] 對話方塊開啟。

5.在 [選擇] 對話方塊中，瀏覽和選取所要加入的檔案後按一下 [確定]。


相關詳細資訊請參考「[專案管理員] 視窗」。

當您在程式或表單中參考了某類檔案，於建立專案而未參考它們時，Visual FoxPro 會自動地將那些檔案新增到專案中。例如，如果在您的專案中的程式包含下列的程式碼時，Visual FoxPro 會將 Orders.scx 檔案加入到專案中：

DO FORM ORDERS.SCX

當建立此專案時，Visual FoxPro 將檢查所有檔案的參考，並自動把所有的隱藏的檔案包含在專案中。另外，如果檔案包含參考到其他檔案時，於專案建立時也會檢查所有包含及參考的那些檔案。在下一次檢視該專案時，參考的檔案會出現在 [專案管理員] 中。

警告：
[專案管理員] 可能解決不了對圖片 (例如 .bmp 和 .msk 檔) 檔案的參考，這取決於在程式碼中如何使用圖片檔案。您可能需要將這些檔案以手動新增到專案中。無法自動的包含那些用巨集替換進行參考的檔案，因為在應用程式執行之前，是不會知道該檔案的名稱。如果應用程式要參考巨集替換的檔案，請以手動包含該檔案。



相關資訊

如何：從專案中移除檔案

如何：編輯專案中的檔案

處理專案




----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
原文：


How to: Add Files to a Project


If you want to include files in an application, you must add them to the project for the application. You can add existing files to a project using the Application Builder or Project Manager. New files that you create using the Project Manager are added automatically to the project. When you compile your application, Visual FoxPro includes the files for the components that are part of your the application.

Note:
When you build your application from a project, files included in the project are marked as read-only. If your application includes files that are modified by the user, you must exclude these files from the build process. For more information, see Excluding Modifiable Files from Builds.



To add a file to a project

1.Open the project for your application.

2.In the Project Manager, expand the node in the project hierarchy containing the component type that you want to add.

3.Click the component type you want.

4.On the Project menu, click Add File.

Tip:
You can also click Add in the Project Manager.

The Select dialog box for that component type opens.

5.In the Select dialog box, browse for and select the file you want to add, and then click OK.


For more information, see Project Manager Window.

When you reference files in a program or form, Visual FoxPro adds those files automatically to your project when you build the project, not when you reference them. For example, if a program in your project includes the following line of code, Visual FoxPro adds the file Orders.scx to your project:

DO FORM ORDERS.SCX

When you build the project, Visual FoxPro resolves references to all files and automatically includes implicit files in the project. In addition, if the files contain references to other files, building the project also resolves those references and includes those files. The referenced files appear in the Project Manager the next time you view the project.

Caution:
Visual FoxPro might not be able to resolve references to picture files, such as .bmp and .msk files, depending on how they are used in code. Therefore, add pictures to your files manually. In addition, Visual FoxPro cannot automatically include files that are referenced using macro substitution because the name of the file is not known until the application runs. If your application references files using macro substitution, include the referenced files manually.



See Also

How to: Remove Files from Projects

How to: Edit Files in Projects

Working with Projects

[朱育興]

如何：編輯專案中的檔案


您可編輯加入到專案中的檔案。建立或加入新的檔案時，可以為檔案加上描述。檔案被選取時，描述將顯示在 [專案管理員] 的底端。



如何編輯專案檔

1.開啟您應用程式的專案。

2.在 [專案管理員] 中，展開在專案階層結構中包含您想要編輯為元件類型的節點。

3.按一下您想要編輯的檔案。

4.在 [專案] 功能表上，按一下 [修改檔案]。

提示：
也可以在 [專案管理員] 中按一下 [修改]。



相對應的視窗或設計工具會開啟來修改檔案。相關詳細資訊請參考「[專案管理員] 視窗」。


若要以程式撰寫方式編輯專案

•使用 MODIFY PROJECT 命令來開啟 [專案管理員]。

相關詳細資訊請參考「MODIFY PROJECT 命令」。


如何為檔案加入描述

1.開啟您應用程式的專案。

2.在 [專案管理員] 中選取檔案。

3.在 [專案] 功能表上，按一下 [編輯說明]。

4.在 [說明] 對話方塊中鍵入對檔案的說明。

5.當你完成時，按一下 [確定]。

相關詳細資訊請參考「[專案管理員] 視窗」。



相關資訊

如何：從專案中移除檔案

處理專案




----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
原文：


How to: Edit Files in Projects


You can edit files that you add to a project. When you create or add a new file, you can add a description to the file. This description is shown at the bottom of the Project Manager when the file is selected.



To edit a project file

1.Open the project for your application.

2.In the Project Manager, expand the nodes in the project hierarchy containing the file you want to edit.

3.Click the file you want to edit.

4.On the Project menu, click Modify File.

Tip:
You can also click Modifyin the Project Manager.



The appropriate window or designer opens so you can modify the file. For more information, see Project Manager Window.


To edit a project programmatically

•Use the MODIFY PROJECT command to open the Project Manager.

For more information, see MODIFY PROJECT Command.


To add a description to a file

1.Open the project for your application.

2.In the Project Manager, select the file.

3.On the Project menu, click Edit Description.

4.In the Description dialog box, type a description for the file.

5.When you are finished, click OK.

For more information, see Project Manager Window.



See Also

How to: Remove Files from Projects

Working with Projects

[朱育興]

如何：搜尋程式碼參照


您可在您的專案中尋找特定的程式碼參照和文字以及在 Visual FoxPro 中搜尋資料夾。



如何搜尋程式碼參照

1.如果您正在尋找一個專案，請開啟專案或您想要搜尋的專案。

2.在 [工具] 功能表上選取 [程式碼參照]。

如果您在專案中不執行原先的搜尋，[查閱參照資料] 對話方塊會出現。否則，[程式碼參照] 視窗出現而且顯示原先的搜尋結果。

3.在 [查閱參照資料] 對話方塊的 [尋找] 方塊中，輸入您要搜尋的程式碼或文字。

4.選擇下列各項之一：

•若要搜尋專案，請確定 [範圍] 方塊被設定成 [整個專案] 和您要搜尋的專案名稱。若要選擇一個不同的已開啟專案，請按一下 [範圍] 箭號顯示一個已開啟專案的清單。

提示：
若要限制對所搜尋專案為其主目錄和子資料夾，請選擇 [只搜尋專案的主目錄和子資料夾] 檢核方塊。

•若要搜尋資料夾，請確定 [範圍] 方塊被設定為 [資料夾] 以及 [搜尋] 方塊被設定成您想要搜尋的資料夾。

提示：
若要把您的搜尋擴大到資料夾的子資料夾，請選擇 [搜尋子資料夾] 檢核方塊。

5.選擇任何下列各項選項：

•若要除了在您的搜尋的預設類型之外指定檔案類型，請按一下 [檔案類型] 箭號顯示一個檔案類型的清單。
•若要為您的搜尋指定附加的選項，請選擇來自 [選項] 群組的設定或按一下 [選項] 按鈕來開啟 [選項] 對話方塊。

6.按一下 [搜尋] 開始搜尋。


相關詳細資訊請參考「[查閱參照資料] 對話方塊」和「[查閱參照資料] 對話方塊、[選項] 對話方塊」。

如果搜尋成功，[程式碼參照] 視窗顯示搜尋字串，比如在搜尋窗格中的一個節點，以及來自在結果窗格中所搜尋的任何結果。您可以藉由在搜尋窗格中選擇程式碼參照節點來檢視所有的結果，否則您可以透過在搜尋窗格中選擇一個檔案名稱為每個檔案過濾您的結果。您可以開啟檔案並直接透過按兩下在結果窗格中的一個結果到一個程式碼參照。相關詳細資訊請參考「[程式碼參照] 視窗」。

在尋找您要的程式碼或文字之後，您可以置換它。相關詳細資訊請參考「如何：替換程式碼參照」。也可以檢視程式碼定義。相關詳細資訊請參考「如何：檢視程式碼定義」。



相關資訊

處理專案




----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
原文：


How to: Search For Code References


You can search for specific code references and text in your projects and folders in Visual FoxPro.



To search for a code reference

1.If you are searching a project, open the project or projects that you want to search.

2.On the Tools menu, select Code References.

If you did not perform a previous search in the project, the Look Up Reference dialog box appears. Otherwise, the Code References window appears and displays the previous search results.

3.In the Look for box of the Look Up Reference dialog box, type the code or text you want to search for.

4.Choose one of the following:

•To search projects, make sure the Scope box is set to Entire project and the name of the project you want to search. To select a different open project, click the Scope arrow to display a list of open projects.

Tip:
To restrict your search to the project home directory and subfolders, select the Limit search to project home directory and subfolders check box.

•To search a folder, make sure the Scope box is set to Folder and that the Look in box is set to the folder you want to search.

Tip:
To expand your search to the folder's subfolders, select the Search subfolders check box.

5.Choose any of the following options:

•To specify file types other than the default types in your search, click the File Types arrow to display a list of file types.
•To specify additional options for your search, select settings from the Options group or click the Options button to open the Options dialog box.

6.Click Search to begin the search.


For more information, see Look Up Reference Dialog Box and Look Up Reference Dialog Box, Options Dialog Box.

If the search is successful, the Code References window displays the search string as a node in the search pane and any results from your search in the results pane. You can view all the results by selecting the code reference node in the search pane, or you can filter your results for each file by selecting a file name in the search pane. You can open the file and go to a code reference directly by double-clicking a result in the results pane. For more information, see Code References Window.

After locating the code or text you want, you can replace it. For more information, see How to: Replace Code References. You can also view code definitions. For more information, see How to: View Code Definitions.



See Also

Working with Projects

[朱育興]

如何：替換程式碼參照


在執行程式碼參照搜尋之後，可以在您的專案或資料夾中替換程式碼或文字。相關詳細資訊請參考「如何：搜尋程式碼參照」。



如何在專案或資料夾中替換程式碼參照

1.執行程式碼參照搜尋找出您想要替換的程式碼或文字。

如果搜尋成功，[程式碼參照] 視窗會在結果窗格中顯示搜尋結果。

2.在 [程式碼參照] 視窗中，選擇您想要透過執行下列各項之一來替換程式碼參照或文字的各行程式碼：

•若要選擇特定行的程式碼，請按一下您要出現在結果窗格中的每行程式碼的檢核方塊。
•若要選擇所有行的程式碼，請在結果窗格中按一下滑鼠右鍵來顯示快顯功能表並選取 [全選]。

3.在 [程式碼參照] 視窗中，在工具列上按一下 [替換] 來開啟 [替換] 對話方塊。

警告：
如果您選擇替換的程式碼可能會影響資料檔案，或者改變資料結構、屬性值、表單 (.scx) 中的屬性和方法程序的名稱、視覺化類別定義函數庫 (.vcx) 可能發生時，Visual FoxPro 會提醒您確認或拒絕替換操作。Visual FoxPro 只執行那些不影響資料檔案的替換，而且在替換記錄節點之下提供給你搜尋字串節點的程式碼來手動執行所要的變更。如果您拒絕替換，就不做任何變更。

4.在 [替換] 對話方塊的 [取代為] 方塊中，輸入替換的程式碼或文字。

5.從 [選項] 群組選取您要的選項。

6.按一下 [替換] 開始替換。

注意：
如果您從 [選項] 群組選取了 [確認替換]，您必須確認每一行您所選的程式碼的替換操作。[程式碼參照] 視窗顯示一筆替換操作的記錄，比如在搜尋窗格中的 [替換記錄] 節點下面的一個記錄節點，以及在結果窗格中的替換結果。


相關詳細資訊請參考「[程式碼參照] 視窗」和「[替換] 對話方塊」。

在程式碼參照工具完成替換的程式碼或文字之後，您必須確認您是否想要重新整理在 [程式碼參照] 視窗中的結果。



相關資訊

如何：檢視程式碼定義

處理程式




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How to: Replace Code References


After performing a code reference search, you can replace code or text in your projects or folders. For more information, see How to: Search For Code References.



To replace a code reference in a project or folder

1.Perform a code reference search to locate the code or text you want to replace.

If your search is successful, the Code References window displays the search results in the results pane.

2.In the Code References window, choose the lines of code in which you want to replace the code reference or text by performing one of the following:

•To select particular lines of code, click the check box for each line of code you want that appears in the results pane.
•To select all lines of code, right-click in the results pane to display a shortcut menu and choose Select All.

3.In the Code References window, click Replace on the toolbar to open the Replace dialog box.

Caution:
If you select lines of code for replacement in which data files might be affected or where changes to data structures, property values, or property and method names in forms (.scx) or visual class libraries (.vcx) might occur, Visual FoxPro prompts you to confirm or decline the replacement operation. If you confirm replacement, Visual FoxPro performs only those replacements that do not affect data files and provides code in the search string node under the Replacement Logs node for you to manually perform the desired changes. If you decline replacement, no changes are made.

4.In the Replace with box of the Replace dialog box, type the replacement code or text.

5.Select options that you want from the Options group.

6.Click Replace to begin replacement.

Note:
If you selected Confirm replacements from the Options group, you must confirm the replacement operation for each line of code you selected. The Code References window displays a record of the replacement operation as a log node below the Replacement Logs node in the search pane and the results of the replacement in the results pane.


For more information, see Code References Window and Replace Dialog Box.

After the Code References tool finishes replacing the code or text, you must confirm whether you want to refresh the results in the Code References window.



See Also

How to: View Code Definitions

Working with Programs